Abstract:Objective: To explore the effectiveness and safety of multi-zone positive optical defocus glasses in the progression of myopia among adolescents, and to provide a theoretical basis for clinical treatment. Methods: This was a retrospective study. From January 2019 to January 2022, 180 cases of myopic children aged 8 to 13 years who were treated in our hospital and wore focus incorporated multiple segment lenses (DIMS), 182 cases who wore orthokeratology lenses (OK), and 198 cases who wore single-vision spectacle lenses (SV ) were collected. The changes in spherical equivalent refraction and axial length of the myopic children in the DIMS group, OK lens group, and SV group were observed at 1 year and 2 years respectively. Then, the patients were further grouped according to the degree of myopia (Group A: spherical equivalent refraction ≤ -3.00 D and Group B: -3.00 D < spherical equivalent refraction ≤ -6.00 D) and age (Group I: 8 to 10 years old and Group II: 11 to 13 years old) to further analyze the influence of the degree of myopia and age on the treatment effect. Results: 1.At 1 year and 2 years after wearing the glasses, there was a statistically significant difference in spherical equivalent refraction between the DIMS group and the SV group (P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in axial length among the DIMS group, OK lens group, and SV group (F = 21.791, P < 0.05; F = 3.576, P < 0.05). 2.At 1 year and 2 years after wearing the glasses, there were statistically significant differences in the changes of spherical equivalent refraction between the DIMS group and the SV group in both Group A and Group B (P < 0.05); there were statistically significant differences in the axial length growth among the DIMS group, OK lens group, and SV group (P < 0.05). 3.At 1 year and 2 years after wearing the glasses, there were statistically significant differences in the changes of spherical equivalent refraction between the DIMS group and the SV group in both Group I and Group II (P < 0.05); there were statistically significant differences in the axial length growth among the DIMS group, OK lens group, and SV group (P < 0.05). In Group II patients, there was no statistically significant difference in the change of axial length between the DIMS group and the OK lens group, and the curative effects of the two in myopia prevention and control were similar. The DIMS glasses could delay the progression of myopia in older adolescents, and the curative effect was enhanced. Conclusion: Compared with SV glasses, both DIMS glasses and OK lenses can effectively slow down the progression of myopia in adolescents. The overall myopia control effect of DIMS glasses is slightly worse than that of OK lenses, but with the increase of the patient's age and refractive error, the effect of DIMS glasses in delaying the progression of myopia is enhanced. Keywords: Multi-zone positive optical focus incorporated multiple segmentt; Orthokeratology; Single-vision frame glasses; Myopia; Axial length; Spherical equivalent refraction
