Abstract:To investigate the levels of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) in patients with Retinal Vein Occlusion with Macular Edema (RVO-ME) secondary to retinal vein occlusion, and to explore its relationship with macular microcirculation and its impact on RVO-ME, in order to provide more accurate treatment plans and prognosis evaluation for patients.Method: 327 RVO-ME patients who visited our hospital from 2022 to 2024 were selected as the research subjects, and were divided into a non recurrence group of 291 cases and a recurrence group of 36 cases based on whether they had relapsed or not. Collect clinical data, microcirculation indicators in the macular area, and MCP-1 levels. Using unordered multiclass logistic regression analysis to investigate the effect of MCP-1 on RVO-ME recurrence after excluding other factors. Use cubic spline analysis to investigate the dose-response relationship between macular microcirculation indicators, MCP-1 expression levels, and RVO-ME recurrence. Using multiple linear regression analysis to investigate the relationship between macular microcirculation indicators and MCP-1 expression levels, and to analyze the differences in recurrence of different MCP-1 expression levels under different macular microcirculation indicators. Bootstrap method was used to examine the mediating effect of macular microcirculation indicators on MCP-1 expression levels and RVO-ME recurrence..Result: There were statistically significant differences (P<0.05) in smoking history, duration of Macular Edema (ME), incidence of Vitreous Macular Traction (VMT), incidence of Epiretinal Membrane (ERM), Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA), integrity of External Limiting Membrane (ELM), integrity of Ellipsoid Zone (EZ), and number of Hyperreflective Foci in the Inner and Outer Retinal Layers (HRF) between the two groups of patients. The Central Foveal Thickness (CFT), Central Macular Thickness (CMT), Superficial Capillary Plexus of the retina (SCP), Deep Capillary Plexus (DCP), and MCP-1 in the recurrent group were all higher than those in the non recurrent group (P<0.05). The vascular density of the Foveal Avascular Zone (FAZ) was lower than those in the non recurrent group (P<0.05). The logistic analysis results showed that MCP-1 was an independent influencing factor for RVO-ME recurrence before and after adjusting for confounding factors. The microcirculation indicators and MCP-1 expression levels in the macular area showed a significant non-linear dose-response relationship with the risk of RVO-ME recurrence (non-linear test, P<0.05). CFT, CMT, SCP, DCP vascular density and MCP-1 expression levels were positively correlated (P<0.05), while FAZ was negatively correlated with MCP-1 expression levels (P<0.05). With the increase of CFT, CMT, SCP and DCP vascular density and the decrea
