Abstract:AIM:To automatically identify and quantitatively assess myopia-related fundus structural changes by combining non-mydriatic color fundus photography with an artificial intelligence(AI)-powered quantitative fundus analysis system and to further analyze the correlations between these fundus parameters and spherical equivalent(SE), axial length(AL), and age, providing the objective basis for monitoring myopia progression and supporting the formulation of personalized myopia prevention and control strategies.
METHODS:A cross-sectional study was conducted enrolling myopic patients aged 18-50 y who underwent myopia screening from March 2023 to December 2023. Patients were stratified into three groups based on SE: the -3.00 D RESULTS:A total of 664 patients(664 eyes, all right eyes)were enrolled in this study, consisting of 320 males and 344 females, with a mean age of 22.70±6.77 y. Patients were categorized into three groups based on SE: the -3.00 DP=0.219, 0.221, respectively). Regarding AL, patients were divided into three subgroups: the AL<24.5 mm group(133 patients, 133 eyes, 58 males, 75 females, mean age 22.04±6.40 y), the 24.5 mm≤AL<26.5 mm group(386 patients, 386 eyes, 181 males, 205 females, mean age 22.95±6.93 y), and the AL≥26.5 mm group(145 patients, 145 eyes, 81 males, 64 females, mean age 22.63±6.70 y), with no significant differences in gender or age observed among AL subgroups(P=0.091, 0.404, respectively). Optic disc diameter, cup diameter, mean vascular curvature, and mean vascular diameter in the SE≤-6.00 D and AL≥26.5 mm groups were significantly smaller than in the -3.00 DP<0.05/0.017). Partial correlation analyses demonstrated that FTD, PPA-to-optic disc area ratio, and PPA-to-optic disc width ratio were positively correlated with AL and negatively correlated with SE(all P<0.001). Age was positively correlated with FTD and negatively correlated with mean vascular diameter(all P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Refractive error and AL are key determinants of myopia-related fundus structural changes, primarily affecting optic disc morphology and retinal vascular characteristics. The integration of non-mydriatic fundus photography with the AI-powered quantitative fundus analysis system enables objective quantification of myopia-related fundus alterations, providing reliable technical support for large-scale myopia screening and for evaluating the effectiveness of myopia prevention and control strategies.
