Abstract:AIM: To construct and validate a risk prediction model for the changes of intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma.
METHODS: A total of 480 glaucoma patients who had surgery in the ophthalmology department of First Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology were selected between January 1, 2023, and September 30, 2025. They were divided into a good intraocular pressure group(288 cases)and a poor intraocular pressure group(192 cases)according to the intraocular pressure at 1 mo after surgery. Univariate analysis was conducted on the general information, preoperative intraocular pressure, preoperative axial length, preoperative corneal thickness, interleukin-6(IL-6), transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β), and nitric oxide(NO)levels of all patients. The factors with significant variation underwent Logistic multivariate analysis, a nomogram prediction model was constructed, and the calibration curve and the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve were used for validation.
RESULTS: Patients in the poor intraocular pressure group aged 68.07±12.57 years, had 78 males(40.6%), 131 history of hypertension(68.2%), preoperative corneal thickness of 553.44±32.97 μm, IL-6 of 6.38±1.97 pg/mL, TGF-β of 5.72±1.72 ng/mL, and NO of 76.46±8.04 μmol/L, which were all better than the good intraocular pressure group(all P<0.05). The Logistic regression analysis indicated that the age of glaucoma patients(OR=1.031, β=0.030), history of hypertension(OR=2.089, β=0.737), preoperative corneal thickness(OR=1.013, β=0.013), and IL-6(OR=1.362, β=0.309)and NO(OR=1.125, β=0.117)were risk factors for the postoperative changes of intraocular pressure(all P<0.05). The ROC curve showed that the AUC of postoperative changes of intraocular pressure in glaucoma patients was 0.785(95% CI: 0.743-0.827). The prediction curve was basically fitted to the standard curve, as shown in the Hosmer-Lemeshow test, χ2=4.742 and P=0.785.
CONCLUSION: The age of glaucoma patients, history of hypertension, preoperative corneal thickness, and levels of IL-6 and NO were risk factors affecting postoperative intraocular pressure, these factors were of clinical practicality when combined with constructed nomogram.
