Abstract:Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of three Multi-segmentspectaclelenses with different designs in controlling myopia progression in children and adolescents. Methods This study employed a retrospective case analysis. Children and adolescents diagnosed with myopia who were fitted with spectacle lenses at the Optometry Clinic of Suining Central Hospital between January 2023 and August 2024 and completed a one-year follow-up were enrolled. Participants were categorized into four groups based on the lens design: Diffusion Optics Technology (DOT), Cylindrical Annular Refractive Element (CARE), Highly Aspherical Lenslets (HAL), and Single-Vision Lenses (SVL). Changes in axial length (AL) and spherical equivalent (SE) after one year of wear were compared to baseline values. Furthermore, alterations in AL and SE among the three Multi-segment lens groups were compared against the SVL group. The effects of different design spectacles lenses on refractive, astigmatism, corneal curvature, corneal astigmatism, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness and vitreous cavity depth were also analyzed. Results In this retrospective study, a total of 118 eyes from 118 myopic children were included.The DOT group (28 eyes; age 10 [9, 12]; 16 males and 12 females), the CARE group (26 eyes; age 11 [9, 12]; 12 males and 14 females), the HAL group (26 eyes; age 10 [9, 11]; 16 males and 10 females), and the SVL group (38 eyes; age 11 [9, 12]; 20 males and 18 females).There were no significant differences in age, gender, baseline AL, or SE among the four groups (all P > 0.05). After 1 year of wear, there were no significant differences in AL and SE compared to baseline in the DOT group (all P > 0.05), with AL showing no increase but a slight regression, and SE showing no progression but a mild regression. In contrast, both AL and SE increased to varying degrees in the CARE, HAL, and SVL groups compared to baseline (all P < 0.01). Significant inter-group differences were found in the changes of AL and SE(F=22.820, P＜0.001; F=30.949, P＜0.001, respectively). The mean changes in AL and SE for the DOT group(-0.034±0.180mm, 0.040±0.243D) were significantly smaller than those in the CARE group(0.225±0.174mm, -0.375±0.308D) and the HAL group(0.147±0.130mm, -0.255±0.256D). All three Multi-segment groups exhibited significantly less progression than the SVL group(0.355±0.240mm,-0.891±0.592D)(P＜0.05). Conclusion For children and adolescents, Multi-segment spectacles lenses are more effective than single-vision spectacle lenses in preventing myopia progression . Among the tested designs, DOT spectacle lenses demonstrated superior efficacy in controlling myopia in children compared to CARE and HAL spectacle lenses.
