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<title cf:type="text"><![CDATA[International Journal of Ophthalmology Press -->Review and Commentary]]></title>
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<title xmlns:cf="http://www.microsoft.com/schemas/rss/core/2005" cf:type="text"><![CDATA[Who needs myopia control?]]></title>
<link><![CDATA[http://www.ijo.cn/gjyken/article/abstract/20210901]]></link>
<description xmlns:cf="http://www.microsoft.com/schemas/rss/core/2005" cf:type="html"><![CDATA[Myopia has become a major visual disorder among school-aged children in East Asia due to its rising prevalence over the past few decades and will continue to be a leading health issue with an annual incidence as high as 20%-30%. Although various interventions have been proposed for myopia control, consensus in treatment strategies has yet to be fully developed. Atropine and orthokeratology stand out for their effectiveness in myopia progression control, but children with rapid progression of myopia require treatment with higher concentrations of atropine that are associated with increased rates of side effects, or with orthokeratology that carries risk of significant complication. Therefore, improved risk assessment for myopia onset and progression in children is critical in clinical decision-making. Besides traditional prediction models based on genetic effects and environmental exposures within populations, individualized prediction using machine learning and data based on age-specific refraction is promising. Although emerging treatments for myopia are promising and some have been incorporated into clinical practice, identifying populations who require and benefit from intervention remains the most important initial step for clinical practice.]]></description>
<pubDate>2021/8/23 0:00:00</pubDate>
<category><![CDATA[Review and Commentary]]></category>
<author><![CDATA[Yan-Xian Chen, Chi-Mei Liao, Zachary Tan and Ming-Guang He]]></author>
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<atom:name>Yan-Xian Chen, Chi-Mei Liao, Zachary Tan and Ming-Guang He</atom:name>
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<title xmlns:cf="http://www.microsoft.com/schemas/rss/core/2005" cf:type="text"><![CDATA[Role of glycolysis in retinal vascular endothelium, glia, pigment epithelium, and photoreceptor cells and as therapeutic targets for related retinal diseases]]></title>
<link><![CDATA[http://www.ijo.cn/gjyken/article/abstract/20210902]]></link>
<description xmlns:cf="http://www.microsoft.com/schemas/rss/core/2005" cf:type="html"><![CDATA[Glycolysis produces large amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in a short time. The retinal vascular endothelium feeds itself primarily through aerobic glycolysis with less ATP. But when it generates new vessels, aerobic glycolysis provides rapid and abundant ATP support for angiogenesis, and thus inhibition of glycolysis in endothelial cells can be a target for the treatment of neovascularization. Aerobic glycolysis has a protective effect on Müller cells, and it can provide with a target for visual protection and maintenance of the blood-retinal barrier. Under physiological conditions, the mitochondria of RPE can use lactic acid produced by photoreceptor cells as an energy source to provide ATP for survival. In pathological conditions, because RPE cells avoid their oxidative damage by increasing glycolysis, a large number of glycolysis products accumulate, which in turn has a toxic effect on photoreceptor cells. This shows that stabilizing the function of RPE mitochondria may become a target for the treatment of diseases such as retinal degeneration. The decrease of aerobic glycolysis leads to the decline of photoreceptor cell function and impaired vision; therefore, aerobic glycolysis of stable photoreceptor cells provides a reliable target for delaying vision loss. It is of great significance to study the role of glycolysis in various retinal cells for the targeted treatment of ocular fundus diseases.]]></description>
<pubDate>2021/8/23 0:00:00</pubDate>
<category><![CDATA[Review and Commentary]]></category>
<author><![CDATA[Ting-Ting Yang, Hui Li and Li-Jie Dong]]></author>
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<atom:name>Ting-Ting Yang, Hui Li and Li-Jie Dong</atom:name>
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<title xmlns:cf="http://www.microsoft.com/schemas/rss/core/2005" cf:type="text"><![CDATA[Effect of anti-VEGF treatment on nonperfusion areas in ischemic retinopathy]]></title>
<link><![CDATA[http://www.ijo.cn/gjyken/article/abstract/20211101]]></link>
<description xmlns:cf="http://www.microsoft.com/schemas/rss/core/2005" cf:type="html"><![CDATA[In recent years, retinal ischemia such as that which occurs in diabetic retinopathy (DR) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO) has become a hotspot of ischemic retinopathy research. High levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are recognized as a major cause of macular edema (ME) in DR and RVO. High concentrations of VEGF in the vitreous can lead to serious retinal ischemia and hypoxia and form retinal nonperfusion areas (NPAs). Different levels of retinal ischemia can represent disease severity and progression. Anti-VEGF therapy as the first-line treatment for ME has been found to be effective in improving vision, but there are still disputes about whether anti-VEGF therapy could improve retinal ischemia and achieve reperfusion of previously developed retinal NPAs. Here, we review and summarize studies of the effects of anti-VEGF drugs on retinal ischemia, especially NPAs.]]></description>
<pubDate>2021/10/27 0:00:00</pubDate>
<category><![CDATA[Review and Commentary]]></category>
<author><![CDATA[Zi-Yi Zhu, Yong-An Meng, Bin Yan and Jing Luo]]></author>
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<atom:name>Zi-Yi Zhu, Yong-An Meng, Bin Yan and Jing Luo</atom:name>
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