Advances in the pathogenesis of macular edema secondary to cataract surgery in diabetic patients

Abstract:

Secondary macular edema following cataract surgery in diabetic patients is a major complication that impairs postoperative visual acuity. It is not only closely associated with the pathological basis including microvascular lesions and inflammatory responses intrinsic to diabetic patients, but also influenced by factors such as ocular tissue trauma and postoperative inflammatory stress induced by cataract surgery. This review summarizes the relevant pathogenesis and analyzes that the superposition mechanism of these two factors is mainly manifested by the amplification of inflammatory reactions,the imbalance of vasoactive factors,and impaired blood circulation,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and management of this complication in such patients in clinical settings.