[关键词]
[摘要]
微囊样黄斑水肿(MME)是位于视网膜内核层(INL)的一种特征性影像学表现，该表现最早在多发性硬化(MS)相关视神经炎患者中被报道，后续研究发现，MME可见于多种神经眼科疾病，包括视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病(NMOSD)、非动脉炎性前部缺血性视神经病变(NAION)及遗传性视神经病变等，并与疾病严重程度及视功能损害密切相关。目前认为，MME在神经眼科疾病中的发生可能与逆行跨突触变性、玻璃体黄斑牵引等机制相关。深入探究MME的临床特征与病理生理机制，能够为各类神经眼科疾病的临床诊断、病情监测及预后评估提供全新视角与科学依据。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Microcystic macular edema(MME)is a characteristic retinal imaging finding characterized by cystic changes within the inner nuclear layer(INL). It was first described in patients with optic neuritis associated with multiple sclerosis(MS). Subsequent studies have shown that MME is also present in a broad spectrum of neuro-ophthalmic disorders, including neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder(NMOSD), non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy(NAION), and hereditary optic neuropathies. Moreover, its presence is closely associated with disease severity and visual dysfunction. Current evidence suggests the occurrence of MME in neuro-ophthalmic diseases may be related to retrograde transsynaptic degeneration and vitreomacular traction.A deeper understanding of the clinical characteristics and pathophysiological mechanisms of MME may provide a new perspective and scientific basis for the clinical diagnosis, disease monitoring and prognosis evaluation of various neuro-ophthalmic diseases.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
无锡市“太湖之光”科技攻关项目(No.Y20242204); 无锡市卫生健康“三名”战略项目
