目的：评估术前泪道探通扩张对原发性获得性不完全鼻泪管阻塞患者行鼻泪管硅胶导管置入术治疗效果的影响。

方法：本研究是一项回顾性病例对照临床试验。研究纳入了2022年10月至2024年10月期间在本院接受鼻泪管硅胶导管置入术的原发性获得性不完全鼻泪管阻塞患者。根据术前是否接受鼻泪管探通扩张治疗，将参与者分为两组：A组为术前已接受一次或多次鼻泪管探通扩张治疗的患者，B组为术前未接受鼻泪管探通扩张治疗的患者。所有患者在鼻泪管硅胶导管置入术后3 mo取出鼻泪管硅胶导管，并在导管取出后继续观察6 mo，以评估手术成功率。

结果：共136例患者(152眼)完成了拔管后6 mo的随访。两组手术总体成功率均为72.4%(110/152眼)。A组纳入男22例，女36例，平均年龄58.09±11.07岁，其手术成功率为82.8%(53/64眼)，B组纳入男27例，女51例，平均年龄59.35±8.84岁，其手术成功率为64.8%(57/88眼)。两组之间的手术成功率差异具有统计学意义(P=0.014)。此外，A组的完全成功率达到67.2%(43/64眼)，而B组为47.7%(42/88眼)，该差异同样具有统计学意义(P=0.017)。两组均未出现严重的术后并发症。

结论：鼻泪管硅胶插管术是一种安全有效的治疗原发性获得性不完全鼻泪管阻塞的方法，术前进行鼻泪管探通扩张可能有助于改善治疗效果。

METHODS: A retrospective case-control clinical study was conducted. The study included patients with incomplete PANDO who underwent nasolacrimal silicone intubation at the hospital between October 2022 and October 2024. Participants were categorized into two groups based on their receipt of nasolacrimal duct probing and dilation prior to intubation. Group A consisted of patients who had undergone one or more sessions of nasolacrimal duct probing and dilation before nasolacrimal silicone intubation, while Group B included patients who did not receive nasolacrimal duct probing and dilation before intubation. All patients had their nasolacrimal silicone tubes removed 3 mo postoperatively and were monitored for 6 mo following tube removal to evaluate surgical success rates.

RESULTS: A total of 136 patients(152 eyes)completed the six-month follow-up period. The overall surgical success rate for both groups was 72.4%(110/152 eyes).Group A included 22 males and 36 females, mean age 58.09±11.07 y, and achieved a success rate of 82.8%(53/64 eyes), while Group B included 27 males and 51 females, mean age 59.35±8.84 y and attained a success rate of 64.8%(57/88 eyes). The difference in surgical success rates between the two groups was statistically significant(P=0.014). Furthermore, Group A achieved a complete success rate of 67.2%(43/64 eyes), compared to 47.7%(42/88 eyes)in Group B, with this difference also reaching statistical significance(P=0.017). No serious postoperative complications were observed in either group.

CONCLUSION: Nasolacrimal silicone intubation is a safe and effective intervention for incomplete PANDO, with preoperative nasolacrimal duct probing and dilation potentially enhancing therapeutic outcomes.