[关键词]
[摘要]
糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)是糖尿病(DM)患者中常见的并发症，视力受到严重影响的同时，生活质量也将随之降低。最新研究表明，降糖治疗不仅能改善血糖控制，还可能对DM相关的眼部并发症产生保护作用。尽管初步临床数据支持这一观点，但仍需进一步深入探索以阐明这些药物在DR中的具体作用机制及疗效。目前相关研究仍处于发展阶段，尚存某些未解决的科学问题和临床挑战。本叙述性综述总结了新型降糖药物在DR中的应用及最新进展，尤其关注的是胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂(GLP-1RA)、钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2抑制剂(SGLT2i)以及二肽基肽酶-4抑制剂(DPP-4i)，重点阐述其作用机制证据、现有临床发现及未来研究方向，为DR的管理提供参考。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Diabetic retinopathy(DR)is a common complication in patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)that seriously affects the vision and quality of life. Ongoing research suggests that glucose-lowering therapies not only improve glycemic control but may also exert protective effects on DM related ocular complications. Although preliminary clinical data support this viewpoint, further in-depth exploration is warranted to investigate the specific mechanisms and efficacy of these drugs in DR. Currently, relevant research is still in the developmental stage and certain unresolved scientific questions and clinical challenges still exist. This narrative review summarizes the applications and recent advances of new hypoglycemic drugs in DR, with a focus on glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RA), sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors(SGLT2i), and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors(DPP-4i), highlighting mechanistic evidence, available clinical findings, and future research directions to provide insights for DR management.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
内蒙古自治区专科区域医疗中心资助
