[关键词]
[摘要]
葡萄膜黑色素瘤(UM)是成人最常见的原发性眼内恶性肿瘤，主要表现为脉络膜黑色素瘤。线粒体作为细胞内重要的细胞器，不仅参与能量代谢，还在细胞信号传导和细胞凋亡中发挥关键作用。近年来，线粒体在UM中的研究逐渐深入，揭示了其在遗传学改变、信号通路调控以及作为潜在治疗靶点等方面的重要作用。文章综述了线粒体DNA拷贝数变异、线粒体代谢相关基因表达变化以及线粒体自噬在UM中的作用机制，并探讨了线粒体通过PI3K/AKT信号通路调控UM的机制。此外，还总结了多种天然化合物和药物通过影响线粒体功能诱导UM细胞功能障碍的研究进展。这些研究为理解UM的发病机制和开发新的治疗策略提供了新的视角。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Uveal melanoma(UM)is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults and arises predominantly from the choroid. Mitochondria, as essential organelles, not only fuel energy metabolism, but also orchestrate signal transduction and apoptosis. Recent studies have progressively uncovered the multifaceted roles of mitochondria in UM, including mitochondrial DNA copy-number alterations, reprogramming of mitochondria-related metabolic genes, and mitochondria-dependent autophagy. Moreover, mitochondria modulate UM progression partly through the PI3K/AKT axis. Natural compounds and small-molecule drugs that impair mitochondrial function have also shown promising activity in inducing UM cell dysfunction. These findings provide new insights into UM pathogenesis and highlight mitochondria as potential therapeutic targets.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.82160857)
