目的：调查武汉市6岁以下儿童视力发育情况，为区域儿童眼保健政策的制定与优化提供循证依据。

方法：使用Suresight屈光筛查仪对武汉市4 989名6岁以下儿童进行快速眼部屈光状态检查，并参考仪器厂商为每个年龄段提供的屈光筛查转诊标准进行规范确定结果。所有参与筛查的学龄前儿童都完成了视力筛查和全面的眼科检查。

结果：本研究共筛查武汉市4 989名6岁以下儿童，其中男2 641人，女2 348人。按年龄段分为6组：6月龄-1岁426人，>1-2岁903人，>2-3岁1 078人，>3-4岁442人，>4-5岁808人； >5-6岁1 332人。6月龄-1岁异常率为44.60%，>1-2岁异常率为26.02%，>2-3岁异常率为15.58%，>3-4岁异常率为10.86%，>4-5岁异常率为21.91%，>5-6岁异常率为23.27%，6月龄-6岁总屈光异常率为22.61%，屈光异常率随年龄增大基本呈现降低趋势(P<0.001)； 6月龄-6岁男屈光异常率为12.33%，女屈光异常率为10.28%，男女异常率比较无差异(P>0.05)； 6月龄-6岁中，单眼近视异常率为0.98%，单眼远视异常率为5.41%，单眼散光异常率为9.92%，双眼近视异常率为0.98%，双眼远视异常率为2.79%，双眼散光异常率为8.14%； 6月龄-1岁散光患病率为40.38%，>1-2岁散光患病率为19.82%，>2-3岁散光患病率为12.34%，>3-4岁散光患病率为9.05%，>4-5岁儿童散光患病率为18.81%，>5-6岁儿童散光患病率为16.89%，6月龄-6岁儿童散光患病率为18.06%，6月龄-4岁之间的四个年龄组散光异常率随年龄增长不断下降(P<0.001)，>4-5岁与>5-6岁散光异常率比较无差异(P>0.05)。

结论：屈光不正已成为学龄前儿童普遍的眼疾类型，通过早期视力筛查，构建系统化的屈光管理档案，早期干预，避免错过最佳诊疗时期，导致不良后果发生。

METHODS:Suresight refractive screener was applied to rapid refractive status examination in 4 989 preschool children under 6 years old in Wuhan City, with results determined according to the manufacturer's age-specific referral criteria. All screened pre-school children completed vision screening and comprehensive ophthalmic examination.

RESULTS: A total of 4 989 children under 6 years old were screened out, including 2 641 males and 2 348 females. They were divided into 6 groups according to age: 426 aged from 6-month to 1-year-old, 903 aged >1 to 2 years old, 1 078 aged >2 to 3 years old, 442 aged >3 to 4 years old, 808 aged >4 to 5 years old, and 1 332 aged >5 to 6 years old. The abnormal rate in the 6-month to 1-year-old group was 44.60%, in the >1 to 2 years old group was 26.02%, in the >2 to 3 years old group was 15.58%, in the >3 to 4 years old group was 10.86%, in the >4 to 5 years old group was 21.91%, in the >5 to 6 years old group was 23.27%, and the total refractive abnormal rate for children aged 6 mo to 6 years old was 22.61%. The refractive abnormal rate generally showed a decreasing trend with increasing age(P<0.001); the refractive abnormal rate in boys aged 6-month to 6 years old was 12.33%, and in girls was 10.28%, with no statistically significant difference in the abnormal rate between boys and girls(P>0.05); among children aged 6-month to 6 years old, the abnormal rate of single-eye myopia was 0.98%, of single-eye hyperopia was 5.41%, of single-eye astigmatism was 9.92%, of binocular myopia was 0.98%, of binocular hyperopia was 2.79%, and of binocular astigmatism was 8.14%; the prevalence of astigmatism in children aged 6-month to 1-year-old was 40.38%, in those aged >1 to 2 years old was 19.82%, in those aged >2 to 3 years old was 12.34%, in those aged >3 to 4 years old was 9.05%, in those aged >4 to 5 years old was 18.81%, and in those aged >5 to 6 years old was 16.89%; the prevalence of astigmatism in children aged 6-month to 6 years old was 18.06%. The abnormal rate of astigmatism in the four age groups ranging from 6-month to 4 years old decreased continuously with age(P<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the abnormal rate of astigmatism between the >4 to 5 years old group and the >5 to 6 years old group(P>0.05).

CONCLUSION:Refractive error has become a common eye disease among preschool children. Through early vision screening, establishing a systematic refractive management file, and early intervention, the best treatment period can be seized to avoid missing it and causing adverse consequences.