目的：探究多发性硬化症(MS)患者视网膜血管性参数和视网膜层厚度变化。

方法：单中心病例对照研究。纳入2020年3月至2021年3月于伊朗大学神经内科及眼科就诊的MS患者作为MS组及年龄性别匹配的健康医院职工作为对照组。记录患者眼部参数，使用光学相干断层扫描评估各层视网膜厚度。

结果：本研究共纳入85例受试者，平均年龄为40.44±11.52岁，其中女性共61例(72%)。对照组43例平均年龄为39.49±11.07岁，MS组42例平均年龄为41.40±12.01岁。MS组患者的平均病程为(8.45±6.04)a。MS组患者右眼神经节细胞层厚度较对照组显著降低(P=0.034)。此外，除左鼻侧外(P=0.106)，MS组各检测方位视神经周围平均神经束值均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。MS组双眼各区域深层及浅层毛细血管网的平均血流密度均低于对照组，其中所有浅层毛细血管网平均血流密度比较均具有统计学意义(除左眼鼻侧外，其余P<0.05)。

结论：MS患者视网膜厚度显著降低。光学相干断层扫描结果可作为评估MS患者疾病进展和预后的可靠工具。

METHODS: This single-centered case-control study was performed on a MS group of 42 patients diagnosed with MS and a control group of 43 healthy hospital staff matched in terms of age and sex at Iran University, department of neurology and ophthalmology from March 2020 to March 2021. The ophthalmic parameters of each patient were recorded, and optical coherence tomography was used to evaluate the retinal thickness in the layers.

RESULTS: This study enrolled a total of 85 participants, with a mean age of 40.44±11.52 years, including 61 females(72%). The control group consisted of 43 individuals with a mean age of 39.49±11.07 years, while the MS group comprised 42 participants with a mean age of 41.40±12.01 years. The mean disease duration in the MS group was 8.45±6.04 a. The thickness of the ganglion cell layer in the right eye was significantly lower in the MS group compared to the control group(P=0.034). In addition, except for the left nasal sector(P=0.106), the mean peripapillary neurofibrillation in all examined sectors were significantly lower in the MS group than in the control group(P<0.05). The average vessel density in both the deep and superficial capillary plexuses across all regions of both eyes was lower in the MS group than in the control group, with all comparisons for the superficial capillary plexus showing statistical significance(P<0.05 for all except the left nasal sector).

CONCLUSION: The thickness of the retina of patients with MS is significantly reduced. Therefore, optical coherence tomography results can be used as a reliable tool to evaluate disease progression and prognosis in MS patients.