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[摘要]
老视是一种与年龄相关的生理现象,其特征是眼睛调节能力逐渐下降导致视近困难。随着人口老龄化进程加快,老视逐渐成为全球性公共卫生问题。目前,老视的矫治方法主要包括光学矫正、手术矫治和药物治疗等,可改善视近障碍,但以上治疗方法各有优缺点。光学矫正可验配单焦点凸透镜、渐进多焦眼镜等,是最常见且经济的矫治方法,但频繁的摘戴眼镜会造成生活不便。手术矫治可通过改变角膜屈光性能、置换人工晶状体以及巩膜手术三个方面进行,术后摆脱眼镜困扰,但各种手术方式均存在各自的优势与弊端。药物治疗包括缩瞳类药物、晶状体软化剂等,有望成为非侵入性老视矫治的新方法,但目前缺乏临床试验及循证医学证据。文章对老视的治疗方法以及研究进展作一综述。
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[Abstract]
Presbyopia is an age-related physiological phenomenon characterized by a gradual decline in the accommodation of the eye leading to difficulty in near vision. With the acceleration of population aging, presbyopia has gradually become a global public health problem. At present, the correction methods of presbyopia mainly include optical correction, surgical correction and drug treatment, which can improve the near vision disorder. However, each of the above treatments has its own advantages and disadvantages. Optical correction can be fitted with single focal convex lens, progressive multifocal glasses, etc., which are the most common and economical correction methods, but frequently removal of glasses will cause inconvenience in life. Surgical correction can be carried out by changing the refractive performance of the cornea, replacing the intraocular lens and scleral surgery, and patients can get rid of glasses after surgery, but each surgical method has its own advantages and disadvantages. Drug treatment, including miosis drugs and lens softeners, is expected to become a new method for non-invasive presbyopia correction, but there is currently a lack of clinical trials and evidence-based medical evidence. This article reviews the treatment methods and research progress of presbyopia.
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