[关键词]
[摘要]
视网膜色素变性(RP)是一种以进行性光感受器细胞变性为特征的遗传性视网膜退行性疾病，其常见的并发症白内障显著影响患者视力预后。目前，超声乳化白内障吸除联合人工晶状体植入术已成为RP并发白内障的主要治疗手段，但此类患者白内障术后后发性白内障、囊袋收缩综合征、人工晶状体脱位及黄斑水肿等并发症高发，严重影响手术远期疗效。文章基于最新临床研究证据，系统阐述了RP并发白内障的临床特征、围手术期关键技术要点及并发症防治新进展，旨在为优化RP并发白内障患者手术方案、改善术后视觉质量和提升远期疗效提供循证医学依据。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Retinitis pigmentosa(RP)is an inherited retinal degenerative disease characterized by progressive photoreceptor cell degeneration, in which cataract—a common complication—significantly affects visual prognosis. Currently, phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation has become the main treatment for RP complicated with cataract. However, postoperative complications such as posterior capsular opacification, capsular contraction syndrome, intraocular lens dislocation, and macular edema occur at considerably higher rates in these patients, severely compromising the long-term outcomes of cataract surgery. Based on the latest clinical evidence, this review systematically elaborates on the clinical characteristics of RP with cataract, key perioperative surgical considerations, and recent advances in the prevention and management of complications, aiming to optimize the surgical approach, improve postoperative visual quality, and enhance long-term efficacy for RP patients, thereby providing an evidence-based medical reference.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
陕西省自然科学基金重点研发计划(No.2024SF2-GJHX-39); 陕西省自然科学基金青年项目(No.2025JC-YBQN-1074)
