目的：观察特发性黄斑前膜(IERM)患者最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、微视野(MP)、多焦视网膜电图(mfERG)及光学相干断层扫描血管成像(OCTA)各参数特点，并进行各项参数之间的对比研究及相关性分析。

方法：横断面研究。收集2021年2月至2024年11月在本院就诊的IERM患者56例56眼为IERM组，健康体检者33例33眼为对照组。比较IERM组与对照组之间以及不同分期IERM组间各项参数，同时分析视功能参数之间的相关性，及这些视功能参数与血管结构OCTA参数之间的相关性。

结果：对照组与IERM组患者一般资料具有可比性。IERM组患眼BCVA、视网膜敏感性(RS)、1环中P1波振幅、旁中心凹浅层毛细血管密度(SCPpfvd)、旁中心凹深层毛细血管密度(DCPpfvd)和中心凹内无血管区(FAZ)面积相较对照组明显下降(均P<0.01)，中心凹视网膜厚度(CRT)、中心凹浅层毛细血管密度(SCPfvd)和中心凹深层毛细血管密度(DCPfvd)明显升高(均P<0.001)。IERM不同分期组间相比，BCVA、CRT、RS、SCPfvd和FAZ有差异(均P<0.01)。在IERM患眼中，BCVA(LogMAR)与RS呈负相关； 1环中P1波振幅与1环中P1波潜时呈正相关； SCPfvd与BCVA(LogMAR)呈正相关，与RS呈负相关； DCPfvd与1环中P1波潜时呈负相关； DCPpfvd与RS呈正相关(均P<0.05)。

结论：IERM患眼存在视功能参数与血管结构异常，且不同分期患眼BCVA、CRT、RS、SCPfvd与FAZ变化程度不同。综合评估BCVA、MP、mfERG及 OCTA有助于深入认识IERM本质，制定合理的诊疗方案。

METHODS:This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 56 patients(56 eyes)diagnosed with IERM who visited our hospital between February 2021 and November 2024 were collected as IERM group, and 33 healthy individuals(33 eyes)undergoing physical examinations were included as control group. Parameters were compared between the IERM group and the control group, as well as among IERM subgroups at different stages. Additionally, correlations among visual function parameters and between these visual function parameters and vascular structural OCTA parameters were analyzed.

RESULTS: The general data of patients in the control group and IERM group were comparable. In the IERM group, BCVA, retinal sensitivity(RS), P1 wave amplitude in ring 1, superficial capillary plexus parafoveal vessel density(SCPpfvd), deep capillary plexus parafoveal vessel density(DCPpfvd), and the foveal avascular zone(FAZ)area were significantly lower than the control group(all P<0.01). In contrast, central retinal thickness(CRT), superficial capillary plexus foveal vessel density(SCPfvd), and deep capillary plexus foveal vessel density(DCPfvd)were significantly increased(all P<0.001). When comparing different stages of IERM, significant differences were observed in BCVA, CRT, RS, SCPfvd, and FAZ(all P<0.01). In eyes affected by IERM, BCVA(LogMAR)was negatively correlated with RS; P1 wave amplitude in ring 1 positively correlated with P1 wave implicit time in ring 1; SCPfvd positively correlated with BCVA(LogMAR)and negatively correlated with RS; DCPfvd negatively correlated with P1 wave implicit time in ring 1; and DCPpfvd positively correlated with RS(all P<0.05).

CONCLUSION: Eyes with IERM exhibit abnormalities in visual function parameters and vascular structure, with varying degrees of alteration in BCVA, CRT, RS, SCPfvd, and FAZ across different stages. Comprehensive evaluation of BCVA, MP, mfERG, and OCTA contributes to a deeper understanding of the nature of IERM and aids in formulating appropriate diagnosis and treatment plans.