目的：探究CD4⁺T细胞联合白细胞介素-8(IL-8)对人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)相关巨细胞病毒性视网膜炎(CMVR)的诊断价值。

方法：回顾性选取2021年6月至2024年12月于南京市第二医院就诊的80例HIV感染患者作为研究对象，男51例，女29例，年龄22-56(平均44.25±6.31)岁。根据患者是否合并CMVR将其分为CMVR组(49例)和非CMVR组(31例)。比较两组患者的临床资料； 限制性立方样条分析CD4⁺T细胞、IL-8与HIV感染患者合并CMVR风险的剂量-反应关系； 受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析CD4⁺T细胞、IL-8单独及联合对HIV相关CMVR的诊断价值。

结果：CMVR组IL-8明显高于非CMVR组，中性粒细胞、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、CD4⁺T细胞明显低于非CMVR组(均P<0.05)； 限制性立方样条分析结果显示，IL-8、CD4⁺与患者CMVR风险间均存在明显非线性关系(Chi-Square=13.625、5.406，P=0.001、0.045)； IL-8、CD4⁺单独及联合的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.777、0.743和0.836。

结论：IL-8、CD4⁺T细胞对HIV相关CMVR均具有良好的诊断价值，二者联合能够进一步提高诊断效能。

METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on 80 HIV-infected patients who visited the Second Hospital of Nanjing from June 2021 to December 2024, including 51 males and 29 females, aged from 22 to 56(44.25±6.31)years, and they were divided into CMVR group(49 cases)and non-CMVR group(31 cases)based on whether the patients had CMVR. The clinical data of the two groups were compared. Restricted cubic spline analysis was performed to analyze the dose-response relationship between CD4⁺ T cells, IL-8 and the risk of CMVR in HIV-infected patients. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were used to analyze the diagnostic value of CD4⁺T cells and IL-8 alone or in combination for HIV-associated CMVR.

RESULTS: The IL-8 level in the CMVR group was significantly higher than that in the non-CMVR group, while the levels of neutrophils, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR), and CD4⁺T cells were significantly lower than the non-CMVR group(all P<0.05). The results of restrictive cubic spline analysis showed that there was a significant nonlinear relationship between IL-8, CD4⁺T cells and the risk of CMVR(Chi-Square=13.625, 5.406, P=0.001, 0.045). The areas under the ROC curve for IL-8 and CD4⁺ alone and in combination were 0.777, 0.743 and 0.836, respectively.

CONCLUSION: Both IL-8 and CD4⁺T cells showed good diagnostic value for HIV-related CMVR, and their combination further enhances diagnostic efficiency.