视网膜疾病(主要包含视网膜血管疾病、视网膜外疾病如外层视网膜、视网膜色素上皮及脉络膜下层疾病)是全球范围内导致视力损害和失明的主要因素之一，严重影响人类健康及生活质量。近年来，随着人工智能(AI)技术的快速发展，尤其是深度学习模型如卷积神经网络(CNNs)、生成对抗网络(GANs)、Transformer架构的广泛应用，在眼科疾病的早期诊断、精准治疗以及培训学习方面展现了突出的应用价值。除此之外，结合多模态融合模型应用的广泛开展，为眼科疾病以及相关全身疾病的周期管理提供了新的思路和工具。文章旨在探讨AI/深度学习在视网膜疾病诊断中的应用，探讨其研究现状、进展、面临的挑战以及未来的发展方向。

Retinal diseases(mainly include retinal vascular diseases, extraretinal diseases such as outer retina, retinal pigment epithelium and subchoroidal diseases)are the leading causes of visual impairment and blindness worldwide, which affect human health and quality of life severely. In recent years, artificial intelligence(AI)technology, especially the applications of deep learning model are widespread. Innovations and new tools such as convolutional neural networks(CNNs), generative adversarial networks(GANs), Transformer architectures, show outstanding application value in early diagnosis, precise treatment, training and learning of ophthalmic diseases. Besides this, multimodal fusion models provide new ideas and tools for full-cycle management of ophthalmic diseases and related systemic diseases. This review aims to explore the application of AI or deep learning in the diagnosis of retinal diseases, and to discuss the current research status, progress, challenges and developments in future.

湖北省中医药管理局2023-2024年度中医药面上项目(No.ZY2023M011)