学龄期儿童角膜形态Pentacam眼前节分析仪测量分析

Measurement and analysis of corneal morphology in school-age children using Pentacam anterior segment analyzer

摘要:

目的：分析学龄期儿童角膜形态特征，为学龄儿童屈光不正检查、角膜病变及治疗提供参考。

方法：纳入2020-03/2023-06于我院眼科门诊就诊的6-12周岁儿童为研究对象，根据SE值不同分为正视组(-0.25 D≤SE≤+0.25 D)、近视组(-6.00 D≤SE<-0.25 D)。采用Pentacam眼前节分析仪测量角膜前后表面平坦曲率(K1)、陡峭屈率(K2)、平均曲率(Km)、曲率半径(Rm)、角膜直径(WTW)、中央角膜厚度(CCT)，分析比较正视组与近视组、男生与女生以及不同年龄段儿童的角膜形态差异。

结果：正视组儿童角膜前表面Km为42.84±0.61 D、Rm为7.85±0.15 mm，后表面Km为-6.23±0.04 D、Rm为6.77±0.15 mm，WTW为11.89±0.28 mm，CCT为557.77±22.44 μm。近视组儿童Km为43.68±0.62 D、Rm为7.72±0.16 mm，后表面Km为-6.49±0.03 D、Rm为6.64±0.17 mm，WTW为12.17±0.27 mm，CCT为553.24±22.23 μm。正视组与近视组间角膜形态有差异(均P<0.01)。相关性分析显示，角膜形态与年龄、性别显著相关。

结论：学龄期儿童角膜形态并不固定，近视的发生除了与眼轴增长有关外，与角膜形态变化显著相关。

Abstract:

AIM: To analyze the corneal morphological characteristics of school-age children, and provide reference for the examination of refractive errors, corneal lesions, and treatment in school-age children.

METHODS: Children aged 6-12 years in our hospital from March 2020 to June 2023 were included as the research objects, and they are divided into emmetropia group(-0.25 D≤SE≤+0.25 D)and myopia group(-6.00 D≤SE<-0.25 D)according to spherical equivalent(SE). The flat curvature(K1), steep curvature(K2), mean curvature(Km), radius of curvature(Rm), white-to-white(WTW)and corneal central thickness(CCT)were measured by Pentacam anterior segment analyzer. The corneal morphological differences between the emmetropia group and myopia group, boys and girls and children of different ages were analyzed.

RESULTS: In the emmetropia group, the anterior corneal surface Km was 42.84±0.61 D, Rm was 7.85±0.15 mm, the posterior corneal surface Km was -6.23±0.04 D, Rm was 6.77±0.15 mm, WTW was 11.89±0.28 mm, CCT was 557.77±22.44 μm; in the myopia group, Km was 43.68±0.62 D, Rm was 7.72±0.16 mm, Km was -6.49±0.03 D, Rm was 6.64±0.17 mm, WTW was 12.17±0.27 mm, CCT was 553.24±22.23 μm. There was significant difference in corneal morphology between the emmetropia group and the myopia group(both P<0.01). Correlation analysis showed that corneal morphology was significantly correlated with age and gender.

CONCLUSION: The corneal morphology of school-age children is not fixed, and the occurrence of myopia is not only related to the growth of axial length, but also significantly related to the changes of corneal morphology.