眼部慢性移植物抗宿主病的病理及发病机制研究进展

Research progress on pathology and pathogenesis of chronic ocular graft-versus-host disease

摘要:

异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)是许多血液系统恶性肿瘤和严重免疫缺陷的一种治疗方法，而慢性移植物抗宿主病(cGVHD)是移植后主要并发症之一，严重影响了患者的生活质量。cGVHD可攻击眼部的所有靶组织，比较多见的是泪腺、眼睑、结膜、角膜、角膜缘和睑板腺等，其病理生理过程为炎症反应和纤维化。尽管现在许多国内外的研究者逐步开始了对该病深入的探索并获得了很多的新发现，但其病理、发病机制仍未完全清楚，并且目前无统一、有效的治疗方法。临床上对于该病的治疗通常是在已出现症状的时候，此时靶组织很可能发生了不可逆、永久性的损害，从而造成迁延难治的局面。因此文章主要对近年来眼部cGVHD的病理及发病机制的研究进展进行阐述，以期对该病的治疗方案提供新的指导。

Abstract:

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT)is a treatment for many malignant tumors of blood system and severe immunodeficiency, and chronic graft-versus-host disease(cGVHD)is one of the major complications after transplantation, which seriously affects the life quality of patients. The cGVHD can attack all the target tissues of the eye. The more common ones are lacrimal gland, eyelid, conjunctiva, cornea and limbus, meibomian gland, etc. The pathophysiological process is inflammation and fibrosis. Although many researchers at home and abroad have gradually begun to explore the disease and obtained many new findings, its pathology and pathogenesis are still not fully understood, and there is no unified and effective treatment. Clinically, the treatment of the disease is usually when symptoms have appeared. At this time, the target tissue is likely to have irreversible and permanent damage, resulting in a protracted and refractory situation. Therefore, this thesis mainly clarifies the research progress of the pathology and pathogenesis of ocular cGVHD in recent years, in order to provide new guidance for the treatment of the disease.