NLRP3炎症小体在葡萄膜炎中的研究进展

Research progress of NLRP3 inflammasome in the treatment of uveitis

摘要:

NLRP3炎症小体是一种细胞内多聚体蛋白复合物，它在炎症和免疫反应中起着重要作用。NLRP3炎症小体由Nod样受体蛋白3(NLRP3)、细胞凋亡相关的斑点样蛋白(ASC)以及半胱氨酸蛋白酶1(caspase-1)三个主要成分构成。葡萄膜炎是一组累及虹膜、睫状体、玻璃体、视网膜、脉络膜为主的炎症疾病总称，是世界范围内致盲眼病之一。许多研究显示，NLRP3炎症小体能参与葡萄膜炎的发生、发展，未来有望成为葡萄膜炎重要的治疗靶点。本文综述了NLRP3炎症小体的结构、生物学功能、激活通路以及其与不同类型的葡萄膜炎关系的研究进展，并探讨了其在葡萄膜炎治疗中的潜在应用前景。

Abstract:

The NLRP3 inflammasome is a cellular multimeric protein complex that plays a crucial role in inflammation and immune responses. It consists of three main components: Nod-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing(ASC)and cysteine protease 1(caspase-1). Uveitis is a broad term encompassing a range of inflammatory diseases that primarily affect the iris, ciliary body, vitreous, retina and choroid. It is considered a major cause of blindness globally. Numerous studies have demonstrated the involvement of NLRP3 inflammasome in the onset and progression of uveitis, indicating its potential as a significant therapeutic target for uveitis in the future. This article provides an overview of the structure, biological functions and activation pathways of the NLRP3 inflammasome, as well as the current research progress on its association with different types of uveitis. Additionally, it discusses the application potential of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the treatment of uveitis.