采用自适应光学扫描激光检眼镜系统观察健康成年人黄斑区视锥细胞的分布

Observation on the distribution of macular cone in healthy adult using adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope system

摘要:

目的：采用自适应光学扫描激光检眼镜(AO-SLO)系统观察不同年龄健康成年人黄斑区视锥细胞的分布，分析其与年龄的相关性。

方法：选取2023-06/07于我院进行健康体检者100例200眼，根据年龄进行分组，其中A组年龄18-30岁，B组年龄31-40岁，C组年龄41-50岁，D组年龄51-65岁，每组各25例50眼。纳入研究对象双眼均行AO-SLO检查，测量视锥细胞密度。

结果：各组研究对象双眼中心凹偏心率3°处2.4°×2.4°范围视锥细胞密度均有差异(P<0.001)，且各区域视锥细胞密度均呈现较为规律的分布特点，均以颞侧视锥细胞密度最高，由高至低依次为颞侧>鼻侧>下方>上方。各组研究对象双眼黄斑区平均视锥细胞密度分别为14144.38±1082.40、13241.24±535.32、12930.29±727.73、10907.50±490.86 cell/mm²(P<0.001)，提示随着年龄的增长，视锥细胞密度呈下降趋势。相关性分析结果显示，纳入研究对象黄斑区平均视锥细胞密度与年龄呈负相关(r=-0.578，P<0.001)。

结论：AO-SLO检查是一种可无创定量检测视锥细胞的方法，健康人群黄斑区视锥细胞密度与年龄呈负相关关系，50岁以上健康人群视锥细胞密度明显降低。

Abstract:

AIM: To observe the distribution of cone in the macular of healthy adult in different ages using adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope(AO-SLO)system, and analyze its relationship with age.

METHODS: A total of 100 healthy examinees(200 eyes)in our hospital from June to July 2023 were selected, and they were divided into four groups according to their age, with 25 cases(50 eyes)in each group, including 18-30 years in group A, 31-40 years in group B, 41-50 years in group C, 51-65 years in group D. AO-SLO was performed in both eyes and cone density was measured.

RESULTS: The density of cone in the foveal eccentricity of 3° and 2.4°×2.4° in each group was different(P<0.001), and the cone density in each area showed a relatively regular distribution characteristics, with the highest density in the temporal side, and the temporal>nasal>inferior>superior sides from high to low. The mean cone density in the macular area of both eyes was 14 144.38±1 082.40, 13 241.24±535.32, 12 930.29±727.73, and 10 907.50±490.86 cell/mm², respectively(P<0.001), indicating that the cone density decreased with age. The correlation analysis showed that the mean cone density in the macular area was negatively correlated with age(r=-0.578, P<0.001).

CONCLUSION: AO-SLO is a quantitative non-invasive detection of cones, and there is a negative correlation between cone density and age in healthy human. Furthermore, density of cone in healthy people over 50 years was significantly decreased.