角膜透镜技术治疗圆锥角膜的研究进展

Research progress of corneal lens technique for keratoconus

摘要:

圆锥角膜是一种慢性非炎症性的角膜疾病，以角膜基质变薄、局部扩张呈锥形突出为特征，常造成不可逆的不规则散光和不同程度矫正视力下降。随着飞秒激光屈光手术的兴起，角膜透镜作为一种良好的生物学材料被发现。角膜透镜植入角膜可增加角膜厚度，延缓圆锥角膜病程进展以便于下一步的治疗。目前，从近视飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(small incision lenticule extraction，SMILE)中获得的凸透镜和从远视SMILE手术中获得的凹透镜，以及从供体中取得的平行透镜均可作为透镜材料在飞秒激光的辅助下植入角膜。本文将对上述3种透镜材料植入治疗的方式进行总结和讨论，为圆锥角膜治疗方法的选择提供参考。

Abstract:

Keratoconus is a chronic non-inflammatory corneal disease characterized by thinning and localized protrusion of the corneal stroma in a conical shape. It often leads to irreversible irregular astigmatism and varying degrees of decline in corrected visual acuity. With the rise of femtosecond laser refractive surgery, corneal lenses were discovered as a good biological material. Corneal lens implantation of the cornea can increase the thickness of the cornea and delay the progression of keratoconus disease for further treatment. Currently, convex lenses obtained from myopic small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)surgery and concave lenses obtained from farsighted SMILE surgery, as well as parallel lenses obtained from donors, can be implanted into the cornea with the aid of femtosecond lasers as lens materials. This article will summarize and discuss the above three lens material implantation methods to provide reference for the selection of keratoconus treatment.