金华市婺城区3 014名小学学生视力不良现状及影响因素

Status of the poor vision among 3 014 primary school students in Wucheng district of Jinhua city and analysis of the influencing factors

摘要:

目的：了解金华市婺城区3 014名小学学生视力不良现状及影响因素，为采取视力不良干预措施提供参考依据。

方法：采用横断面研究，自行设计调查问卷，内容包括一般情况，视力影响因素。视力检测采用国际标准对数视力表，以单因素组间比较有统计学意义的影响因素作为自变量进行多因素Logistic回归分析。

结果：共检测出视力不良学生1 367名，视力不良率为45.36%，其中轻度视力不良占26.08%，中度视力不良占11.51%，重度视力不良占7.76%。多因素Logistic回归分析，高年级段、父母近视、每天睡眠时间不足、每天使用电子产品及电脑时间过长、读写姿势不正确、每天户外活动时间不足、未做眼保健操是视力不良的危险因素。

结论：学生视力不良状况不容乐观，学校应采取增加学生户外活动时间、纠正不良读写姿势、减少电子产品使用时间等措施，改善和预防学生视力不良情况发生。

Abstract:

AIM: To explore the prevalence and influencing factors of poor vision among 3 014 primary school students in Wucheng District, Jinhua City, in order to provide evidence for the intervention measures of poor vision.

METHODS: Using a cross-sectional study, a self-designed questionnaire was done, including general conditions and influencing factors of vision. The international standard logarithmic visual acuity chart was used for visual acuity detection. The risk factors that were statistically significant among the single factor groups were used as independent variables for multivariate Logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS: A total of 1 367 students with poor vision were detected, the detection rate was 45.36%, among which mild poor vision rare was 26.08%; moderate rate was 11.51%; and severe rate was 7.76%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that senior grades, parental myopia, daily insufficient sleep and outdoor activity, overuse of electronics or computers and no eye exercise were risk factors for poor vision.

CONCLUSION: The rate of poor vision among the primary school students was severe, schools should take measures to improve and prevent students' poor vision by increasing outdoor activity time, correcting poor reading and writing posture, and reducing the time spent on electronic products.