去瓣技术在改良内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术中的应用

Application of valve removal technique in improved endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy

摘要:

目的：探讨去瓣技术应用于改良内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术中的疗效。方法：前瞻性随机对照研究。选取2020-11/2022-09于我院施行内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术的鼻泪管阻塞患者92例98眼作为研究对象，随机分为两组：传统组切开鼻黏膜后保留鼻黏膜瓣，待切开泪囊后，修剪泪囊瓣及鼻黏膜瓣至合适形态，将泪囊瓣与鼻黏膜瓣相互吻合； 改良组将鼻黏膜作“□”形切口，去除完整的方形鼻黏膜组织，待切开泪囊后，尽量保留泪囊黏膜，修剪鼻黏膜残端，使泪囊瓣接近但不接触鼻黏膜残端。记录两组患者术中出血量、手术时长，术后随访3 mo，分别于术后1、3 mo时行鼻内镜检查、泪道冲洗检查，观察术后吻合口5 mm内肉芽组织增生情况及疗效。结果：术后3 mo时，剔除失访的患者6例7眼，传统组共纳入44眼，改良组共纳入47眼。改良组术中出血量[27.00(22.00，41.00)mL]和手术时长[35.00(33.00，42.00)min]均少于传统组(P<0.001)。术后1 mo时，传统组有12眼吻合口5 mm内见肉芽组织增生； 改良组有1眼。术后3 mo时，传统组有9眼吻合口黏连但未完全闭锁，2眼吻合口完全闭锁； 改良组有1眼吻合口轻度黏连，无吻合口闭锁，改良组术后并发症明显少于传统组(P<0.05)，疗效优于传统组(P<0.05)。结论：应用去瓣技术改良内镜下泪囊鼻腔吻合术不仅能够显著地减少术中出血量、缩短手术时长，还能有效地减少术后并发症、提高手术疗效。

Abstract:

AIM: To investigate the efficacy of valve removal technology in improved endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy.METHODS: Prospective randomized controlled study. A total of 92 patients(98 eyes)with nasolacrimal duct obstruction who underwent endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy in our hospital from November 2020 to September 2022 were selected as the study subjects and they were randomly divided into group A(traditional group)and group B(improved group). The nasal mucosal flap was preserved after incision of the nasal mucosa in group A, the lacrimal sac flap and nasal mucosal flap were trimmed to an appropriate shape after the incision of the lacrimal sac, and the lacrimal sac flap the nasal mucosal flap were matched up. Group B made a “□” shaped incision on the nasal mucosa to remove the complete square nasal mucosa tissue. After the lacrimal sac was incised, the lacrimal sac mucosa was preserved as much as possible, and then the residual nasal mucosa was trimmed to make the lacrimal sac flap close to but not in contact with the residual nasal mucosa. Furthermore, the intraoperative bleeding volume and surgical duration of two groups of patients were recorded, and follow up until 3 mo postoperative. Nasal endoscopy and lacrimal duct flushing examinations were performed at 1 and 3 mo postoperative, respectively. The proliferation of granulation tissue within 5 mm of the ostial postoperative and the therapeutic effect were observed.RESULTS: At 3 mo postoperatively, 6 patients(7 eyes)who were lost to follow-up were excluded. A total of 44 eyes were included in group A, and 47 eyes were included in group B. The bleeding volume [27.00(22.00, 41.00)mL] and the surgical duration [35.00(33.00, 42.00)min] in group B were significantly lower than those in the group A(P<0.001). At 1 mo postoperatively, granulation tissue hyperplasia was observed within 5 mm of the ostial in 12 eyes of group A. In group B, granulation tissue hyperplasia was observed within 5 mm of the ostial in 1 eye. At 3 mo postoperatively, there were 9 eyes in group A with ostial adhesions but incomplete closure, and 2 eyes with complete closure; group B had 1 eye with mild adhesions at the ostial site and no ostial closure. The postoperative complications in the group B were significantly less than those in the group A(P<0.05), and the therapeutic effect was better than that in the group A(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The application of valve removal technology in improving endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy not only significantly reduces intraoperative bleeding and surgical duration, but also effectively reduces postoperative complications and improves surgical efficacy.