血清维生素A及碱性成纤维细胞生长因子水平预测早产儿视网膜病变的临床价值

Clinical value of serum vitamin A and basic fibroblast growth factor levels in predicting retinopathy of prematurity

摘要:

目的：探讨血清维生素A(Vit A)及碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)水平预测早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)的临床价值。方法：采用前瞻性队列研究。选取2020-01/2022-12在上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心海南医院分娩且胎龄小于37 wk或出生体质量小于2 500 g的早产儿或低出生体质量儿411例作为研究对象，分别于出生后7 d和35 d进行外周血Vit A和bFGF水平检测。结果：最终完成临床研究的早产儿或低出生体质量儿共392例，其中1-2期ROP组 51例，3-5期ROP组 23例，未发生ROP组318例。生后7 d，1-2期ROP组血清Vit A(0.44±0.17 μmol/L)和bFGF(0.53±0.16 ng/L)水平分别低于未发生ROP组(0.50±0.12 μmol/L和0.63±0.15 ng/L)(均P<0.05)； 3-5期ROP组血清Vit A(0.34±0.18 μmol/L)和bFGF(0.44±0.18 ng/L)水平分别低于未发生ROP组(均P<0.05)； 3-5期ROP组血清Vit A和bFGF水平分别低于1-2期ROP组(均P<0.05)。生后35d，3-5期ROP组血清Vit A(0.33±0.19 μmol/L)和bFGF(0.39±0.19 ng/L)水平分别低于1-2期ROP组(0.43±0.16 μmol/L和0.48±0.17 ng/L)(均P<0.05)； 根据血清Vit A绘制的ROC曲线，AUC值为0.853，Youden指数最大值为0.68，最佳灵敏度为73%，最佳特异度为95%； 根据血清bFGF绘制的ROC曲线，AUC值为0.828，Youden指数最大值为0.58，最佳灵敏度为90%，最佳特异度为68%； 根据血清Vit A联合bFGF绘制的ROC曲线，AUC值为0.917，Youden指数最大值为0.70，最佳灵敏度为70%，最佳特异度为100%。结论：血清Vit A及bFGF水平均是预测ROP较敏感的有效指标，如果早产儿或低出生体质量儿血清Vit A或bFGF水平越低，可能提示ROP患病率越高及其病理分期越重。血清Vit A联合bFGF诊断ROP的临床价值较其单独诊断价值高，且减少误诊率。

Abstract:

AIM: To investigate the clinical value of serum vitamin A(Vit A)and basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)levels predicting retinopathy of prematurity(ROP).METHODS: Prospective cohort studies. A total of 411 premature or low birth weight infants with gestational age less than 37 wk or birth weight less than 2 500 g who were delivered in Hainan Branch, Shanghai Children's Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected as subjects. The Vit A and bFGF levels in peripheral blood were detected at 7 d and 35 d after birth, respectively.RESULTS: A total of 392 premature infants or low birth weight infants completed clinical study, including 51 cases in stage 1-2 ROP group, 23 cases in stage 3-5 ROP group and 318 cases in the group without ROP. At 7 d postnatal, the serum Vit A(0.44±0.17 μmol/L)and bFGF(0.53±0.16 ng/L)levels in stage 1-2 ROP group were lower than those in the group without ROP(0.50±0.12 μmol/L and 0.63±0.15 ng/L; all P<0.05). The serum Vit A(0.34±0.18 μmol/L)and bFGF(0.44±0.18 ng/L)levels in stage 3-5 ROP group were lower than those in the group without ROP(P<0.05). The serum Vit A and bFGF levels in stage 3-5 ROP group were lower than those in stage 1-2 ROP group(P<0.05). At 35d postnatal, the serum Vit A(0.33±0.19 μmol/L)and bFGF(0.39±0.19 ng/L)levels in stage 3-5 ROP group were lower than those in stage 1-2 ROP group(0.43±0.16 μmol/L and 0.48±0.17 ng/L; all P<0.05). According to the ROC curve drawn by serum Vit A, the AUC value was 0.853, the maximum Youden index was 0.68, the best sensitivity was 73%, and the best specificity was 95%. According to the ROC curve drawn by serum bFGF, the AUC value was 0.828, the maximum Youden index was 0.58, the best sensitivity was 90%, and the best specificity was 68%. According to the ROC curve drawn by serum Vit A combined with bFGF, the AUC value was 0.917, the maximum Youden index was 0.70, the best sensitivity was 70%, and the best specificity was 100%.CONCLUSION: Serum Vit A and bFGF levels are sensitive and effective indicators for predicting ROP. If the serum Vit A or bFGF levels are lower in premature infants or low birth weight infants, it may indicate the higher probability of ROP and its pathological stages. In addition, the clinica value of serum Vit A combined with bFGF in the diagnosis of ROP is higher than that of Vit A or bFGF alone, and the misdiagnosis rate is reduced.