角膜生物力学分析仪评估SMILE与FS-LASIK术后角膜生物力学的变化

Changes in corneal biomechanics after small incision lenticule extraction and femtosecond laser-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis evaluated by corneal visualization Scheimpflug technology

摘要:

目的：利用角膜生物力学分析仪(Corvis ST)评估行飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术(SMILE)和飞秒激光辅助的准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(FS-LASIK)治疗的中度屈光不正患者术后角膜生物力学的变化特征。

方法：前瞻性队列研究。选取2020-11/2021-11在宁夏眼科医院视光中心拟行角膜屈光手术的中度近视患者65例130眼，考虑双眼存在关联，双眼同时满足条件选右眼进行研究，其中SMILE组30眼，FS-LASIK组35眼。应用Corvis ST观察两组患者术前、术后1、3mo角膜生物力学参数综合半径(IR)、反向凹面半径(ICR)、形变幅度比值(DAR2)、硬度指数(SP-A1)、相关厚度-水平方向(ARTh)和最大压陷曲率半径(HC-Radius)的变化。

结果：两组间患者术前，术后1、3mo生物力学参数比较均无差异(P>0.05)。各组患者术后1、3mo IR、ICR、DAR2均较术前明显增加，SP-A1、ARTh、HC-Radius均较术前明显降低(均P<0.05)，术后1mo与术后3mo生物力学参数比较无差异(P>0.05)。两组患者术后3mo中央角膜厚度(CCT)与ARTh和SP-A1呈正相关(FS-LASIK组： r=0.727、0.819，SMLIE组： r=0.683、0.434，均P<0.05)，与IR和ICR呈负相关(FS-LASIK组： r=-0.697、-0.622，SMLIE组： r=-0.447、-0.491，均P<0.05)。

结论：对于中度近视患者，SMILE和FS-LASIK术后均可导致角膜生物力学稳定性降低，两种手术方式对生物力学的影响无明显差异，且在术后1mo时生物力学趋于稳定，术后CCT与生物力学参数ARTh、SP-A1、IR和ICR存在相关性。

Abstract:

AIM:To evaluate the changes in corneal biomechanics of patients with moderate refractive error after receiving small-incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)and femtosecond laser-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis(FS-LASIK)using the corneal visualization Scheimpflug technology(Corvis ST).

METHODS:Prospective cohort study. A total of 65 moderate myopia patients(65 eyes)who were scheduled to undergo refractive surgery at the Ophthalmic Refractive Surgery Center of the Ningxia Eye Hospital from November 2020 to November 2021 were included in the study, and there were 30 eyes in the SMILE group and 35 eyes in the FS-LASIK group. The changes in corneal biomechanical parameters, including integrated radius(IR), inverse concave radius(ICR), deformation amplitude ratio 2mm(DAR2), stiffness parameter at first applanation(SP-A1), ambrosio relational thickness(ARTh)and the central curvature radius at highest concavity(HC-Radius)were observed by Corvis ST between both groups preoperatively and 1 and 3mo postoperatively.

RESULTS: There were no statistical significance in biomechanical parameters between two groups of patients 1 and 3mo postoperatively(P>0.05). IR, ICR and DAR2 of each groups of patients 1 and 3mo postoperatively were significantly increased than those preoperatively, and SP-A1, ARTh and HC-Radius were significantly decreased than those preoperatively(all P<0.05). The biomechanical parameters at 1mo and 3mo postoperatively showed no statistical significance(P>0.05). In addition, a positive correlation was found between central corneal thickness(CCT)and ARTh and SP-A1 of the two groups of patients at 3mo postoperatively(FS-LASIK group: r=0.727, 0.819, SMLIE group: r=0.683, 0.434, all P<0.05), while a negative correlation was found between CCT and IR and ICR at 3mo postoperatively.(FS-LASIK group: r=-0.697, -0.622, SMLIE group: r=-0.447, -0.491, all P<0.05).

CONCLUSION:For patients with moderate myopia, both SMILE and FS-LASIK can reduce corneal biomechanical stability. Both surgeries showed no significant differences in the effect on biomechanical, and the biomechanical has been stabilized at 1mo postoperatively. A correlation was found between postoperative CCT and ARTh, SP-A1, IR and ICR.