自噬在视网膜和眼部疾病中的研究进展

Research progress of autophagy in retinal and eye diseases

摘要:

自噬维持细胞内成分降解和再循环的稳态，是一种关键的细胞质量控制机制。在应激反应中，自噬促进细胞成分的降解，以提供细胞代谢所需的营养物质和能量。视网膜是眼睛中转导和处理视觉信息的光敏组织，对物质和能量需求极高，基础水平的自噬对维持视网膜细胞的稳态和视觉系统的正常功能至关重要。本文总结了自噬途径参与青光眼、年龄相关性黄斑变性、糖尿病视网膜病变、视网膜营养不良和视网膜脱离等眼科疾病的最新研究，为未来通过调控自噬治疗眼部疾病提供理论依据。

Abstract:

Maintaining the homeostasis of intracellular components degradation and recycling, autophagy is a critical control mechanism of cellular quality. It promotes the degradation of cell components to provide nutrients and energy for cellular metabolism in stress response. The retina is a light-sensitive tissue that transduces and processes visual images in the eye, and it has a high demand for substances and energy. Basal autophagy is essential for holding retinal homeostasis and the normal function of the visual system. Therefore, the latest studies that investigating the participation of autophagy in eye diseases such as glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, retinal dystrophies, and retinal detachment were summarized, providing a theoretical basis for the future treatment of eye diseases by regulating autophagy.