目的：探索大鼠角膜移植术后玻璃体腔内注射FasL抑制剂对角膜细胞凋亡，角膜Fas、FasL表达，全血和颈部淋巴结中Treg数量及排斥反应指数的影响。

方法：将24只SD大鼠24眼行穿透性角膜移植术，术后随机分为玻璃体腔内注射PBS组(12只12眼)、FasL抑制剂组(12只12眼)，每周记录角膜排斥反应指数，术后1、3、5wk取全血、颈部淋巴结检测Treg数量，取角膜组织测Fas、FasL表达及凋亡细胞数量。

结果：FasL抑制剂组角膜Fas、FasL表达较PBS组明显下降(均P<0.05)； FasL抑制剂组角膜细胞凋亡较PBS组明显减少，FasL抑制剂组术后5wk凋亡最少； 术后3wk开始FasL抑制剂组Treg数量较PBS组明显升高(均P<0.05)，FasL 抑制剂组角膜移植排斥反应评分明显低于PBS组(均P<0.05)。

结论：大鼠角膜移植术后玻璃体腔内注射FasL抑制剂可减少角膜各层细胞凋亡，增加全血、颈部淋巴结中Treg的数量，减轻排斥反应。

METHODS:A total of 24 SD rats(24 eyes)who received penetrating keratoplasty were randomly divided into two groups: PBS group received intravitreal injection of PBS(12 rats, 12 eyes)and FasL inhibitor group(12 rats, 12 eyes). Rejection index was recorded every week and blood samples and lymph node were collected at 1, 3 and 5wk after surgery to analyze the proportions of Treg. Corneal tissue was collected for detecting the expression of Fas and FasL and number of apoptosis.

RESULTS: The expression of Fas, FasL in FasL inhibitor group decreased significantly compared with the PBS group(all P<0.05); Corneal cell apoptosis significantly decreased in FasL inhibitor group, and it was the lowest at 5wk after surgery; Treg numbers in blood and lymph nodes significantly increased in FasL inhibitor group at 3wk after surgery(all P<0.05); rejection index of corneal transplantation in the FasL inhibitor group was significantly lower than that of PBS group(all P<0.05).

CONCLUSION:Intravitreal injection of FasL inhibitors after corneal transplantation could reduce the apoptosis in all layers of cornea, increase the number of Tregs in blood and lymph nodes, and alleviate rejection.