早产儿视网膜病变抗VEGF治疗进展

Progress of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs for the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity

摘要:

早产儿视网膜病变(retinopathy of prematurity， ROP)是发生于早产儿的一种未成熟视网膜血管增生性眼病，是发展中及发达国家儿童致盲的主要因素。ROP的传统治疗方法是视网膜激光光凝或冷冻治疗，但凝固治疗可导致视网膜永久性破坏，存在发生视野缺损、高度近视等并发症风险。玻璃体腔注射抗血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)药物治疗ROP后视网膜功能的发育比凝固治疗更趋向正常，再加上操作简便、耗时短等优点，玻璃体腔注射抗VEGF药物逐渐成为ROP的重要治疗方式； 在Ⅰ区ROP、Ⅱ区后部ROP和急进型ROP治疗中为首选治疗方式。但是抗VEGF药物治疗ROP所致的严重系统并发症、最低有效剂量及后期复发情况等问题尚待进一步研究。本文将对ROP抗VEGF治疗现状进行综述。

Abstract:

Retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)is a proliferative vascular disorder of the immature retina, and it is a major eye disease that causes blindness in children of developing and developed countries. Retinal laser photocoagulation and cryotherapy are the conventional treatment used for ROP but could cause permanent damage to retina, with a risk of complications such as visual field defect and high myopia. With more normal growth of retinal function and convenience and shorter time than coagulation therapy, intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)agents has gradually gained popularity and has even been advocated as the treatment of choice in treating zone I, zone II posterior or aggressive ROP. However, the serious systemic complications, minimum effective dose and late recurrence caused by anti-VEGF drugs in the treatment of ROP still need to be further studied. This review focuses on the use of anti-VEGF agents for the treatment of ROP.