目的：研究初治非增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变(NPDR)患者中血生化指标与脉络膜厚度(CT)的关系。

方法：前瞻性横断面研究。选取2021-07/2022-07在南昌大学附属眼科医院就诊且初次治疗的NPDR患者92例92眼。所有纳入本研究的患者均行深度增强光学相干断层扫描(EDI-OCT)、最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、眼底荧光血管造影、眼压、裂隙灯、散瞳眼底等眼科检查及血糖、糖化血红蛋白、血肌酐、尿酸、尿素、SymbolbA@2微球蛋白、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、血清钙及血清钾等血液学检查。根据患者的肾小球滤过率(eGFR)及CT将纳入研究的患者分为肾功能正常、轻度异常及中重度异常三组和厚脉络膜及薄脉络膜两组。分析初治NPDR患者的血生化指标、CT的差异以及血生化指标与CT的相关性。

结果：共92例92眼纳入本研究，其中男51例51眼，女41例41眼，右眼45眼，左眼47眼。三组年龄、眼轴、病程比较均无差异(均P>0.05)。三组鼻侧0.5、1.5mm、中心凹下、颞侧0.5、1.5mm的CT均具有显著差异(均P<0.05)。厚脉络膜组与薄脉络膜组年龄、病程及眼轴比较均无差异(均P>0.05)。两组肌酐、eGFR、尿酸、尿素、钾及β2微球蛋白比较均有差异(均P<0.05)，两组总胆固醇、甘油三酯、HDL、LDL、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、血钙、葡萄糖比较均无差异(均P>0.05)。各处CT与血肌酐、尿素、尿酸及β2微球蛋白等指标呈负相关关系，与eGFR呈正相关关系。多元回归分析显示，鼻侧0.5mm CT越厚，eGFR越高(B=0.292，P<0.001)，各处CT共同影响肌酐、eGFR、尿素、尿酸及β2微球蛋白(B=16.5、64.6、24.1、18.1、20.3，P=0.008、<0.001、<0.001、0.004、0.001)，而其对总胆固醇、甘油三酯、葡萄糖、血清钙、HDL及LDL等血清学指标的影响均不显著(均P>0.05)。

结论：初治NPDR患者的CT越厚，肾功能越好。初治NPDR患者的CT降低是关注患者肾功能的一个重要提示。

METHODS: Prospective cross-sectional study. A total of 92 patients(92 eyes)with naïve-treated NPDR were selected in the Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University from July 2021 to July 2022. All of the patients included in this study were subjected to ophthalmologic examination including enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography(EDI-OCT), best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), fundus fluorescence angiography, intraocular pressure, slit lamp and fundus examination. At the same time, they were also underwent hematological examination including blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c), serum creatinine, uric acid, urea, β2 microglobulin, high density lipoprotein(HDL), low density lipoprotein(LDL), serum calcium, serum potassium and other tests. According to the glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)and CT, the patients were divided into normal, mild and moderate to severe renal function group, pachychoroid group and the leptochoroid group. The blood biochemical indexes, CT differences and theirs correlation were analyzed in naïve-treated NPDR patients.

RESULTS: A total of 92 cases(92 eyes)were included in this study, with 51 males(51 eyes), 41 females(41 eyes), 45 right eyes and 47 left eyes. There was no significant difference in age, axial length and disease duration among the three groups(all P>0.05). There were significant differences in nasal 0.5, 1.5mm, subfoveal and temporal 0.5, 1.5mm CT among three groups(all P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in age, axial length and the course of disease between the pachychoroid and leptochoroid groups(all P>0.05). There were significant differences in creatinine, eGFR, uric acid, urea, potassium and β2-microglobulin between the pachychoroid group and the leptochoroid group(all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL, HbA1c, serum calcium and glucose between the two groups(all P>0.05). CT was negatively correlated with creatinine, urea, uric acid and β2-microglobulin, and positively correlated with eGFR. Multiple regression analysis showed that the thicker the nasal 0.5mm CT, the higher the eGFR(B=0.292, P<0.001). CT affected creatinine, eGFR, urea, uric acid and β2-microglobulin(B=16.5, 64.6, 24.1, 18.1, 20.3; P=0.008, <0.001, <0.001, 0.004, 0.001), while there were no significant effects on total cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, serum calcium, HDL and LDL(all P>0.05).

CONCLUSION: In patients with naïve-treated NPDR, the thicker the CT, the better the renal function. The decrease of CT in newly diagnosed NPDR patients is an important hint to pay attention to the renal function.