核磁共振技术在高度近视临床研究中的应用

Application of nuclear magnetic resonance in the clinical study of high myopia

摘要:

近视是一种可改变视觉皮层活动，并影响相应神经功能的危害性眼科疾病。目前我国的近视率呈空前上升之势，尤其是高度近视(HM)，遂实现近视的有效防控及治疗极为重要。然而近视的具体发病机制至今仍未阐明，难以从根源上实现该病的防控防治。近年来，不断有研究从遗传、环境、神经递质等角度出发探讨近视的相关致病因素，但鲜有研究从大脑结构及神经活动的角度探讨近视的神经影像机制。随着磁共振成像技术的发展，脑影像逐步出现在近视的相关机制研究中，本文主要对近视的相关脑影像研究作一综述，以期为开展近视的临床防控防治工作提供重要参考依据。

Abstract:

Myopia is a harmful ophthalmic disease that may change the activity of the visual cortex and affect the corresponding neural function. At present, the incidence rate of myopia in China has been rising unprecedentedly, especially in high myopia(HM). Therefore, efficacious prevention and treatment of myopia are extremely important. However, since the specific pathogenesis of myopia has not been clarified so far, it is difficult to achieve the prevention and control of the disease at its source. Recently, there have been studies on the pathogenesis of myopia from the perspective of genetics, environment, neurotransmitters, etc., but few studies have explored the neuroimaging mechanism of myopia from the perspective of brain structure and function. With the development of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)technology, brain images gradually appear in the study of myopia-related mechanisms. Therefore, this paper summarizes the research on myopia-related brain images, to provide an important reference for the clinical prevention and control of myopia.