应用微视野计评估弱视儿童的黄斑光敏感度和固视稳定性

Evaluation on the macular light sensitivity and fixation stability of children with anisometropic amblyopia by microperimetry

摘要:

目的：应用微视野计评估屈光参差性弱视儿童的黄斑光敏感度及固视稳定性。

方法：横断面研究。纳入2020-07/2022-01初次诊断为单眼屈光参差性弱视的儿童39例(弱视眼39眼，对侧眼39眼)和同期纳入最佳矫正视力(BCVA)正常的屈光不正患者42例，选取右眼作为正常对照组。利用微视野计(MP-3)测量弱视眼、对侧眼和正常对照组的黄斑中心凹10°范围平均光敏感度和固视稳定性\〖包括2°和4°范围内固视点百分比(P1，P2)，68.2%、95.4%及99.6%双曲线椭圆面积( BCEA)\〗，比较弱视眼、对侧眼和正常对照组的平均光敏感度和固视稳定性的差异。

结果：弱视眼组患者黄斑区光敏感度较对侧眼组、正常对照组低(均P<0.017)，对侧眼组与正常对照组患者黄斑区光敏感度比较无差异(P=0.555)。弱视眼组患者P1均小于对侧眼组和正常对照组(均P<0.017)； 对侧眼组与正常对照组患者P1比较无差异(P=0.887)。三组患者P2、68.2%BCEA、95.4%BCEA、99.6%BCEA比较均无差异(均P>0.05)。弱视眼组、对侧眼组和正常对照组患者BCVA均与AT、P1、P2、68.2%BCEA、95.4%BCEA、99.6%BCEA无相关性(均P>0.05)。

结论：屈光参差性弱视眼的黄斑视网膜光敏感度和2°范围内的固视稳定性可能降低。

Abstract:

AIM: To evaluate macular light sensitivity and fixation stability in anisometropic amblyopia by microperimetry.

METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 39 children(39 eyes with amblyopia and 39 fellow eyes)who were initially diagnosed with monocular anisometropic amblyopia between July 2020 and January 2022 and 42 patients with normal best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)but suffered from improper refraction were selected, and the right eyes were selected as control group. Microperimetry(MP-3)was used to measure the average threshold(AT)of macular light sensitivity at 10°and fixation stability \〖including the percentage of fixation points within 2° and 4°(P1, P2), bivariate contour ellipse area(BCEA)for 68.2%, 95.4% and 99.6% of points\〗 in amblyopic eyes, fellow eyes and normal control group. The AT and fixation stability of amblyopic eyes, fellow eyes and normal control group were compared.

RESULTS: Children with amblyopia had significantly lower AT than fellow eyes and right eyes of normal control group(all P<0.017), and there were no differences in the macular light sensitivity of both fellow eyes and normal control group(P=0.555). The P1 was significantly lower in amblyopic eyes than in fellow eyes and normal control eyes(all P<0.017), and there were no differences in P1 between fellow eyes and normal control group(P=0.887).There were no differences in P2, 68.2%BCEA, 95.4%BCEA and 99.6%BCEA in patients among the three groups(all P>0.05). Moreover, there was no correlation between BCVA and AT, P1, P2, 68.2%BCEA, 95.4%BCEA and 99.6%BCEA in amblyopic eyes, fellow eyes and normal control eyes(all P>0.05).

CONCLUSION: The macular light sensitivity and fixation stability within 2° may be decreased in eyes with anisometropic amblyopia.