目的：研究不同手术方法治疗儿童基本型外斜视与术后侧转非共同性发生及矫正效果相关性。

方法：回顾性研究。选取2018-06/2020-12于我院眼科接受治疗的180例基本型外斜视患儿临床资料。根据手术方式分为单眼一退一截术组(R&R组)104例和双眼外直肌后徙术组(BLR-rec组)76例。比较两组患者一般资料、手术矫正效果，以及随访期间手术斜视度数、侧转非共同性发生情况。

结果：两组患者术后3d，1、6mo视近、视远斜视度比较均无差异(均P>0.05)。R&R组术后不同时间点正位率高于BLR-rec组(P<0.05)。R&R组较BLR-rec组发生侧转非共同性的风险更低(OR=0.524， Wald χ²=4.260， P=0.039)。两组患者术后6mo主要表现在水平直肌手术眼外展方向注视，但两组患儿视远和视近侧转非共同性发生率均无差异(均P>0.05)。

结论：R&R对于儿童基本型外斜视的矫正效果优于BLR-rec术式，可降低侧转非共同性发生情况。

METHODS: Retrospective study. Clinical data of 180 children with basic exotropia who received treatment in the ophthalmology department of our hospital from June 2018 to December 2020 were selected. The patients were divided into 104 cases in monocular recess-resection group(R & R group)and 76 cases in binocular lateral rectus recession group(BLR-rec group)according to the surgical method. The general information, correction effect, the degree of surgical strabismus and the lateral incomitance were compared between the two groups.

RESULTS: There were no differences in the degree of near and far strabismus between 2 groups at 3d, 1 and 6mo after surgery(all P>0.05). The correction rate of the R& R group at different time after surgery was higher than that of the BLR-rec group(P<0.05). R & R group had lower risk of lateral incomitance than that of BLR-rec group(OR=0.524, Wald χ²=4.260, P=0.039). After 6mo of operation, the patients in two groups mainly showed eye abduction fixation in the horizontal rectus muscle operation, but there was no difference in the incidence of near and distant lateral incomitance between the two groups(all P>0.05).

CONCLUSION: R & R is better than BLR-rec in correcting children's basic exotropia, and it can reduce the incidence of lateral incomitance.