方法：选取2018-01/2020-01来我院就诊的2型糖尿病患者52例104眼，根据眼底改变分为无明显视网膜病变组(NDR组，31例62眼)、糖尿病视网膜病变组(DR组，21例 42眼)。选取同一时期就诊的无糖尿病的白内障患者38例76眼作为对照组。比较三组患者睑缘和睑板腺形态及功能评分、角膜荧光素染色评分、泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、泪膜脂质层厚度(LLT)、瞬目次数(BT)及不完全瞬目频率(PBR)的差异。

结果：DR组和NDR组睑缘和睑板腺形态及功能评分、角膜荧光素染色评分显著高于对照组，且DR组显著高于NDR组(均P<0.05)。DR组和NDR组BUT显著低于对照组，且DR组显著低于NDR组(均P<0.05)。三组间LLT、BT及PBR均有差异(P<0.05)，且DR组和NDR组LLT、BT明显低于对照组，PBR显著高于对照组(均P<0.05)，但DR组和NDR组间无显著差异(均P>0.05)。睑板腺形态异常的2型糖尿病患者泪膜功能异常的发生率更高。

结论：2型糖尿病患者易出现睑板腺短缩和缺失，睑板腺功能障碍，泪膜稳定性下降，而DR患者睑板腺形态异常与功能障碍更显著，泪膜稳定性更差。

METHODS: A total of 52 patients(104 eyes)with type 2 diabetes mellitus who came to our hospital from January 2018 to January 2020 were selected. Then they were divided into non-diabetic retinopathy group(NDR group, 31 cases with 62 eyes)and diabetic retinopathy group(DR group, 21 cases with 42 eyes)according to the fundus changes. While 38 cases(76 eyes)of diabetic-free cataract patients who treated at the same time were selected as the control group. The differences of three groups were compared with the morphology and the scores of the function of lid edge and meibomian glands, the scores of fluorescence staining of cornea, break-up time(BUT)of tear film, lipid layer thickness(LLT), blink times(BT)and partial blink rate(PBR).

RESULTS: The morphology and the scores of function of lid edge and meibomian glands, the scores of fluorescence staining of cornea were significantly higher than the control group, and the DR group was significantly higher than the NDR group(all P<0.05). The BUT in the DR group and NDR group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and the DR group was significantly lower than that in the NDR group(all P<0.05). There were differences in LLT, BT and PBR among the three groups(P<0.05). The LLT and BT in the DR group and NDR group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and PBR was significantly higher than that in control group(all P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the DR group and the NDR group(all P>0.05). Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with morphology abnormalities of meibomian gland have a higher incidence of abnormal tear film function.

CONCLUSION: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are prone to shortening and loss of meibomian glands, which is easy to cause the dysfunction of the meibomian gland and decrease the stability of the tear film. While the patients with DR, the morphology abnormalities and dysfunction of the meibomian glands are more pronounced, and the stability of the tear film is worse.