方法：回顾性分析。收集2016-01/2019-07我院40岁以上的高度近视患者232例461眼。根据患者的眼底像及OCT检查结果分为无脉络膜病变组99例255眼和脉络膜病变组133例206眼，脉络膜病变包括脉络膜萎缩和脉络膜新生血管。对各类病变患病率与影响因素进行统计分析。

结果：纳入研究的高度近视患者中黄斑部脉络膜病变166眼(36.0%)，其中脉络膜萎缩90眼(19.5%)，脉络膜新生血管76眼(16.5%)。多因素Logistic回归分析表明眼轴长度是影响脉络膜萎缩患病的因素(P<0.01)，年龄、眼轴长度是影响脉络膜新生血管患病的因素(均P<0.01)，性别、年龄和眼轴长度是影响脉络膜病变患病的因素(均P<0.01)。

结论：高度近视患者易发生脉络膜萎缩及脉络膜新生血管，女性患病率较高，并且随着高度近视患者年龄的增长及高度近视程度的加深，患病率不断增加。

METHODS: The current study carried out a retrospective analysis on highly myopic patients aged 40 and above(2016-01/2019-07). A total of 232 patients(461 eyes)with high myopia were included. The fundus images and OCT results of all patients were evaluated to divide the cases into two main categories, non-choroidopathy 99 patients(255 eyes)and choroidopathy 133 patients(206 eyes), with choroidopathy including choroidal atrophy and choroidal neovascularization. The statistical analysis on the prevalence of different disorders and the multivariate regression between the influence factors were performed.

RESULTS: The prevalence of macular choroidopathy was 36.0%(166 eyes), of which, the prevalence of choroidal atrophy was 19.5%(90 eyes), and the prevalence of choroidal neovascularization was 16.5%(76 eyes). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that axial length was the influence factor of choroidal atrophy(P<0.01), age and axial length were the influence factors of choroidal neovascularization(all P<0.01), gender, age and axial length were the influence factors of choroidopathy(all P<0.01).

CONCLUSION: Choroidal atrophy and choroidal neovascularization were prone to occur in patients with high myopia, and the prevalence was higher in women. In addition, the prevalence increased with the increase of age and diopter.