小梁网细胞氧化应激在青光眼发病中的研究进展

Research progress of trabecular meshwork cell oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of glaucoma

摘要:

青光眼是一种常见的不可逆性致盲眼病，病理性眼压升高为主要临床特征。眼压的形成与房水循环密切相关，房水动力学异常，会引起病理性眼压升高。小梁网是房水外流通道的主要组成部分，对维持正常眼压起到非常关键的作用。氧化应激是导致青光眼眼压升高的直接危险因素，表现为氧化与抗氧化作用的失衡。小梁网细胞氧化应激可能导致细胞外基质的沉积与退行性变，使细胞发生自噬和衰老，造成小梁网细胞功能障碍，最终导致房水外流阻力增大，引起病理性眼压升高。本文将针对小梁网细胞氧化应激与青光眼关系的研究进展进行综述，以期为进一步的临床研究提供依据，为探讨青光眼的发病机制、预防及治疗青光眼提供参考。

Abstract:

Glaucoma is a common irreversible blinding eye disease, pathological elevated intraocular pressure is the main clinical feature. The formation of intraocular pressure, related to aqueous circulation, will be pathologically elevated when the aqueous cycle is abnormal. Trabecular network, which plays a key role in maintaining normal intraocular pressure, is the main component of aqueous outflow channel. Imbalance of oxidative stress manifested as oxidation and antioxidant effects is a direct risk factor for elevated intraocular pressure in glaucoma. When it comes to the trabecular meshwork cells, a series of changes such as deposition and degeneration of extracellular matrix, autophagy and aging will eventually occur, and finally the dysfunction of trabecular meshwork cells and increased aqueous outflow resistance, causing intraocular pressure pathological elevated. In this paper, we reviewed the research progress on the relationship between oxidative stress in trabecular meshwork cells and the pathogenesis of glaucoma, in order to provide evidence for further research and reference for exploring the pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of glaucoma.