微小RNA(micro RNA，miRNA)是最主要的基因表达调控因子之一，涉及多种细胞、组织和器官的生长、发育、分化及凋亡等过程。TRPM3基因位于人类9号染色体的长臂，是钙通透性离子通道TRP家族M亚家族中成员之一。miR-204位于TRPM3内含子6上，通过对靶mRNAs的切割或抑制其翻译参与转录后基因表达的调控。研究显示TRPM3/miR-204复合位点在白内障、青光眼、角膜新生血管、角膜损伤愈合、视网膜疾病、视神经疾病等眼部疾病的发生发展中起着重要的调控作用。本文从TRPM3/miR-204分子通路的生物学功能、在眼部的表达与调控以及其与多种眼部疾病的相关性研究进展进行综述。

MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are one of the most important regulatory factors of gene expression, which involved in the growth, development, differentiation and apoptosis of various cells, tissues and organs. TRPM3 is located in human chromosome 9 and belongs to M sub-family of the transient receptor potential(TRP)channels. MiR-204 is located on TRPM3 intron 6 and participates in the regulation of post-transcriptional gene expression through cleavage or translation inhibition of target mRNAs. Studies have shown that TRPM3/miR-204 complex locus plays an important role in the occurrence and development of eye diseases such as cataract, glaucoma, corneal neovascularization, corneal wound healing, retinal diseases, optic nerve diseases and so on. In this paper, the biological function of TRPM3/miR-204, its expression and regulation in the eyes and its correlation with a variety of ophthalmic diseases are reviewed.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.81770929); 陕西省教育厅2018年服务地方科学研究计划资助项目(No.18JC026); 陕西省重点研发计划项目(No.2019SF-162)