在当今社会，由于遗传因素和环境因素共同作用，儿童青少年近视发病率正在急剧增加。尽管有遗传因素的影响，但有诸多研究表明环境因素在其中起着至关重要的作用，其中户外活动已被证实是降低儿童近视发病率的主要保护因素。在户外活动中的诸多因素中，光照又是其中的重要因素之一。不同的光照环境，如光照的强度、波长、时间、节律等都可以影响眼球的屈光发育。本文总结了近年来光照对眼球屈光发育的临床与动物实验的研究成果，为进一步探究屈光不正发生发展机制及防治策略提供参考。

In modern society, children and adolescents are experiencing an increasing incidence of myopia, resulting from the combined influence of genetic factor and environmental factor. Despite the influence of genetic factor, a great number of researches indicate that environmental factor has been playing a crucial role. Outdoor activity proves to be a major protective factor to reduce the incidence of children's myopia. Sunlight is one of the important ones among various factors of outdoor activity. The intensity, wavelength and rhythm of sunlight may all affect eyeball's refraction development. Varied sunlight environment may have different influences on eyeball's refraction development. The paper has summarized clinical and trial and animal experiment research results on how sunlight affects eyeball's refraction development, and it has offered references to further study on refractive error development mechanism and prevention strategy.

国家重点研发计划(No.2019YFC1710200, 2019YFC1710203)