糖尿病患者白内障的综合治疗研究进展

Advances in the management of cataract surgery in patients with diabetes

摘要:

随着糖尿病发病率的逐年升高，糖尿病患者白内障的治疗已成为白内障临床研究的重点和难点。糖尿病患者的白内障具有发病年龄早、进展迅速、常合并眼底病变的特点，更需要精准和个性化的治疗。糖尿病患者白内障术后更易出现角膜水肿、糖尿病性黄斑水肿、后囊膜混浊等并发症，手术风险远高于普通年龄相关性白内障患者。术前应积极控制血糖，合理选择手术时机，采用个体化治疗方案，预防术中和术后并发症发生，以提高手术疗效。

Abstract:

With the growing population of diabetes patients on a global scale, the management of diabetic cataract has been attached more attention. Diabetic patients are often associated with fundus lesions, requiring early diagnosis and treatment for cataract duo to early onset and rapid progression of this disease compared to non-diabetics. Patients with diabetes also have an increased risk of developing postoperative corneal edema, diabetic macular edema and posterior capsular opacification etc., making cataract surgery technically challenging. Before surgery, patients should have good glycemic control and no evidence of ocular infection. An optimal operation timing and individualized treatment should be adopted to prevent vision-threatening complications and improve visual outcomes. This article provides an overview of diabetic cataract and related complications.