目的：观察早产儿中玻璃体动脉残留的情况。

方法：回顾性研究。使用双目间接检眼镜观察2018-05/11在同济医院进行早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)筛查的患儿。

结果：最终60例早产儿被纳入此项观察。根据玻璃体动脉是否残留分为两组：玻璃体动脉残留阳性组(49例)和玻璃体动脉残留阴性组(11例)。结果显示，玻璃体动脉残留阳性组的胎龄和出生体质量明显低于玻璃体动脉残留阴性组(P<0.05)。两组患儿在性别、产程、ROP发生概率方面无差异(P>0.05)。玻璃体动脉残留阳性患儿随访期间的玻璃体动脉残留均完全消退。玻璃体动脉残留消退的时间约为矫正胎龄37～44wk。

结论：早产儿玻璃体动脉的残留多为生理性残留。较小胎龄或体质量较轻的早产儿玻璃体动脉残留的阳性检出率较高。玻璃体动脉的残留与ROP无明显相关性。当矫正胎龄超过43wk时，如果残留的玻璃体动脉没有消退，将有可能发生病变，应根据病情的严重程度选择适当的干预措施。

METHODS: This retrospective study recruited premature infants who consecutively attended the Tongji Hospital for retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)screening from May 2018 to November 2018. The binocular indirect ophthalmoscope was used for examination.

RESULTS: In total, 60 cases were pulled for data analysis. The cases were categorized as having the following condition: hyaloid artery remnants positive(49 cases)or hyaloid artery remnants negative(11 cases). It was showed that the remnants positive group had significant lower gestational age and birth weight than those of the negative group(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in gender, labor presentation and ROP between the two groups(P>0.05). The hyaloid artery remnants completely regressed in all the follow-up cases. The range of disappearing time of hyaloid artery remnants was 37-44wk of corrected gestational age.

CONCLUSION: The hyaloid artery remnants in preterm infants are most likely to be physiological residues. Younger or lower weight premature infants will have higher positive detection rates of hyaloid artery remnants. It seems like co-existence with ROP has no significant association with the detection of hyaloid artery remnants. When the corrected gestational age extends over 43wk, if the hyaloid artery remnants don't regress, there is a possibility of pathological changes, and appropriate interventions should be selected according to the severity of the lesions.