超声乳化联合房角分离治疗小梁切除术后眼压失控的PACG

Phacoemulsification combined with goniosynechialysis in treatment of primary angle-closure glaucoma with intraocular pressure out of control after trabeculectomy

摘要:

目的：观察白内障超声乳化联合房角分离术治疗小梁切除术后眼压失控的原发性闭角型青光眼(PACG)的安全性及有效性。

方法：回顾性分析我院2015-06/2019-04收治的急性或慢性PACG行小梁切除术后眼压失控患者31例32眼，小梁切除病史3mo～12a，均合并不同程度白内障。均行白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入联合房角分离术。术后随访6mo，观察术前及术后1、3、6mo眼压、最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、中央前房深度、房角粘连性关闭(PAS)范围变化，术后6mo观察角膜内皮细胞计数、视网膜神经纤维层(RNFL)厚度，记录术中、术后并发症情况。

结果：本组患者术后1wk，1、3、6mo眼压(14.38±3.04、18.26±3.12、15.21±2.84、15.42±3.09mmHg)均较术前(36.52±12.26mmHg)大幅下降(P<0.01)； 术后6mo BCVA(LogMAR)(0.241±0.148)较术前(0.678±0.297)提高(P<0.01)； 术后1、3、6mo中央前房深度(4.18±0.22、4.21±0.24、4.16±0.25mm)较术前(1.45±0.25mm)加深(P<0.01)。术后前房角结构加宽，PAS范围减小，术后3mo后PAS范围未再增大。术后角膜内皮细胞计数(2126±412个/mm²)与术前(1938±495个/mm²)比较无差异(P>0.05)。术后平均及下、上、鼻、颞象限RNFL厚度(65.59±10.71、72.65±13.92、82.74±12.52、58.47±11.18、42.93±13.44μm)与术前(67.47±8.99、74.77±15.73、85.32±11.64、59.65±13.79、44.83±12.55μm)比较无差异(P>0.05)。术后角膜水肿7眼，前房炎性渗出3眼，经治疗均在7d内消退。无后囊破裂玻璃体溢出、虹膜损伤及恶性青光眼发生。3例3眼慢性PACG患者术后眼压持续在21～30mmHg，应用1～3种降眼压眼药后眼压控制在正常范围。

结论：白内障超声乳化联合房角分离治疗小梁切除术后眼压失控的PACG合并白内障是安全、有效的方法。

Abstract:

AIM: To observe the safety and efficacy of phacoemulsification combined with goniosynechialysis in treatment of primary angle-closure glaucoma(PACG)with intraocular pressure out of control after trabeculectomy.

METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 31 cases(32 eyes)of acute or chronic PACG with uncontrolled intraocular pressure from June 2015 to April 2019. The history of trabeculectomy was 3mo to 12a. All of them were complicated with different degrees of cataract. Phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation and goniosynechialysis were performed in all patients. The patients were followed up for 6mo. The IOP, the best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), the depth of central anterior chamber and the peripheral anterior synechia(PAS)of anterior chamber angle were observed preoperatively and 1, 3 and 6mo postoperatively. The corneal endothelial cell count and the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)were observed 6 months after the operation. The complications during and after operation were observed.

RESULTS: The IOP was significantly decreased on 1wk, 1, 3, 6mo postoperative(14.38±3.04, 18.26±3.12, 15.21±2.84, 15.42±3.09mmHg)compared with preoperative(36.52±12.26mmHg)(P<0.01). The BCVA(LogMAR)(0.241±0.148)was increased postoperative after 6 mo compared with preoperative(0.678±0.297). The depth of central anterior chamber was increased on 1, 3, 6mo postoperative(4.18±0.22, 4.21±0.24, 4.16±0.25mm)compared with preoperative(1.45±0.25mm). All of above observation indexes was significantly different from that of preoperation(P<0.01). The angle of anterior chamber was widened and the range of PAS was reduced. The PAS did not increase after 3mo. There was no statistical difference between preoperative and postoperative about the corneal endothelial cells count and the mean or the four quadrant RNFL thickness(P>0.05). Corneal edema in 7 eyes and anterior chamber inflammatory exudation in 3 eyes disappeared within 7d after treatment. The IOP of 3 patients(3 eyes)with chronic PACG was 21-30mmHg which was controlled by 1 to 3 anti-glaucoma eye drops.

CONCLUSION: Phacoemulsification combined with goniosynechialysis is a safe and effective method in the treatment of PACG combined with cataract with intraocular pressure out of control after trabeculectomy.