目的：研究屈光参差患者双眼在屈光度数、眼轴及OCTA黄斑区和视乳头区血流密度、黄斑区神经纤维厚度方面的差异，并研究眼轴与眼底血流密度及视网膜厚度的关系，分析其在屈光参差发生、发展中的临床意义。

方法：回顾性分析我院2018-05/11的符合纳入标准的屈光参差患者27例，所有患者均接受双眼的屈光度数、眼压、眼轴及OCTA黄斑区和视乳头区血流密度、黄斑区视网膜厚度的检查。应用SPSS 23.0软件，采用配对t检验分析对比患者双眼在各指标之间的差异。并分析眼轴和黄斑中心无血管区(FAZ)、脉络膜3.14mm²血流密度、黄斑区血流密度及视网膜厚度、视乳头血流密度的关系。

结果： 患者27例中，高度眼的屈光度数及眼轴均大于低度眼(t=-3.559、3.083，P<0.05)。高度眼和低度眼间在OCTA黄斑1mm及3mm浅层血流密度、深层血流密度、视网膜厚度上均无差异(P>0.05)。选取患者中高度眼较低度眼相比，视盘内血流密度大(t=2.36，P=0.022)和上鼻方(SN)血流密度小(t=-2.154，P=0.036)。屈光状态、黄斑中心凹浅层和深层血流密度、旁中心凹深层血流密度、黄斑中心凹及旁中心凹视网膜厚度与眼轴相关(r=-0.897、0.458、0.446、-0.328、0.301、-0.397，均P<0.05)。

结论：屈光参差患者高度眼较低度眼黄斑区3mm×3mm浅层和深层血流密度及视网膜厚度无差异，视盘内及上鼻方血流密度存在差异，余视乳头分区无差异。眼轴与屈光状态、黄斑中心凹浅层和深层血流密度、旁中心凹深层血流密度、黄斑中心凹及旁中心凹视网膜厚度相关。

METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 27 patients with anisometropia in our hospital. All the patients received the examinations including binocular diopter, intraocular pressure, axial length, vessel density in 3mm×3mm macular area and peripapillary area, retinal thickness in macular area. SPSS 23.0 and paired t-test was used to analyze and compare the differences.

RESULTS: In all 27 patients, the refractive index and axial length of the one with a higher degree were greater than that of the low eye(t=-3.559, 3.083, P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in superficial vessel density, deep vessel density, and retinal thickness in the macular area(1mm and 3mm)(P>0.05). In the all patients, the vessel density with a higher degree in the optic disc was higher(t=2.36, P=0.022).The vessel density of eyes with a higher degree in the superior nasal square(SN)was lower(t=-2.154, P=0.036). Refractive state, superficial and deep vessel density of foveal, deep parafoveal vessel density, retinal thinkness of foveal and parafoveal were correlated with the optic axis(r=-0.897, 0.458, 0.446, -0.328, 0.301, -0.397, P<0.05).

CONCLUSION: There was no difference in the superficial and deep vessel density in 3mm×3mm macular area of the Patients with ametropia as well as retinal thickness. The binocular vessel density in the optic disc and the SN square were difference, and there was nodegree eye of refractive error difference in the residual papillary area. The axial length is related to the refractive state, the vessel density in the superficial and deep fovea of the macula, the vessel density in the deep parafovea of the macula, the retinal thickness in the fovea and the parafovea of the macula.