眼科检查在阿尔茨海默病诊断中的研究进展

Research progress of ophthalmic examination in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease

摘要:

阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种起病隐匿的神经系统退行性病变，主要病理特征为β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)沉积和细胞内高磷酸化tau蛋白。近年来，研究发现AD的表现不仅只存在于大脑，也存在于眼部，如视觉功能的损害、瞳孔的变化、晶状体中Aβ的沉积、视网膜和脉络膜的变化等。这些眼部表现为AD的早期诊断提供了重要线索，具有积极的临床和社会意义。因此，本文就AD患者眼部的表现以及将其作为诊断和进展的生物标志物进行综述。

Abstract:

Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a neurological degenerative disease that is insidious onset. The main pathological features are deposition of amyloid β(Aβ)and intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau protein. In recent years, studies have found that the manifestations of AD exist not only in the brain but also in the eyes, such as impaired visual function, changes in the pupil, Aβ deposition in the lens, changes in the retina and choroid, and so on. These ocular manifestations provide clues to the early diagnosis of AD and have positive clinical and social significance. Therefore, this article reviews the ocular manifestations of AD and their use as biomarkers for diagnosis and progression.