补体激活与自噬在年龄相关性黄斑变性中的研究进展

Advances in study of complement activation and autophagy on age-related macular degeneration

摘要:

年龄相关性黄斑变性(age-related macular degeneration，ARMD)是一种随年龄增长而发病率逐渐上升的黄斑部疾病，目前认为其发病因素与患者的年龄、遗传、吸烟、氧化应激、免疫炎症反应、RPE细胞老化和代谢异常等有关。补体系统在机体防御感染、免疫调节和炎症应答中扮演重要角色，补体系统异常激活引起免疫炎症近年来被认为是ARMD发病的重要原因。而自噬过程也参与了ARMD的发病。正常的自噬是细胞自我保护以及维持稳态的一个重要途径，当自噬被阻断时，可加剧氧化应激损伤，导致ARMD的发展。补体激活与自噬过程的均衡调节是控制ARMD发展的重要手段。

Abstract:

Age-related macular degeneration is a macular disease which incidence increases with age. Currently, it is believed that its pathogenic factors are related to patients' age, heredity, smoking, oxidative stress, immune inflammatory response, RPE cell aging and metabolic abnormalities. Complement system plays an important role in the body's defense against infection, immune regulation and inflammatory response. Immune inflammation caused by abnormal activation of complement system is considered to be an important cause of ARMD in recent years. Autophagy also plays a role in ARMD. Normal autophagy is an important way for cells' self-protection and maintenance of homeostasis. When autophagy is blocked, oxidative stress can be aggravated, which will lead to the development of ARMD. The balance regulation between complement activation and autophagy is an important method to control the development of ARMD.