目的：通过建立兔角膜碱烧伤模型，比较自体血清与小牛血去蛋白眼用凝胶在兔角膜碱烧伤治疗中的效果。

方法：制作兔右眼角膜碱烧伤模型30眼，造模后碱烧伤分度全部为Ⅲ度烧伤，将其随机分为三组，分别采用生理盐水、小牛血去蛋白眼用凝胶及自体血清滴眼液4次/d，各组滴阿托品眼用凝胶1次/晚，氧氟沙星眼用凝胶1次/晚，连续2wk。治疗7、14d后观察角膜新生血管形态并计算面积； 第14d处死各组实验动物后，摘除双眼角膜，其中左眼为正常对照，右眼为实验眼，分别进行常规组织病理学检查，角膜组织匀浆内CD45、IL-10、IFN-γ及VEGF浓度测定。

结果：治疗7、14d后小牛血去蛋白眼用凝胶组角膜新生血管面积(29.48±2.27、34.19±2.67mm²)与自体血清组(34.19±2.67、33.89±2.74mm²)无差异(P>0.05)。治疗14d角膜组织匀浆测定：小牛血去蛋白眼用凝胶组(0.56±0.04ng/mL)和自体血清组(0.54±0.05ng/mL)CD45含量均小于生理盐水组(1.27±0.07ng/mL)(P<0.05)； 自体血清组(452.49±11.40pg/mL)和小牛血去蛋白眼用凝胶组(332.49±13.67pg/mL)IL-10含量均大于生理盐水组(111.05±6.95pg/mL)(P<0.05)； 小牛血去蛋白眼用凝胶组(23.20±2.89pg/mL)和自体血清组(22.61±2.72pg/mL)IFN-γ含量均小于生理盐水组(41.77±4.26pg/mL)(P<0.05)； 小牛血去蛋白眼用凝胶组(151.14±18.21pg/mL)和自体血清组浓度(149.11±14.75pg/mL)VEGF含量均小于生理盐水组(391.35±28.59pg/mL)(P<0.05)。

结论：兔角膜碱烧伤后抑制炎症因子CD45、IFN-γ及VEGF释放及抑制角膜新生血管形成方面，自体血清与小牛血去蛋白眼用凝胶作用相当； 在促进抗炎因子IL-10释放、抑制炎症细胞浸润方面，自体血清作用强，小牛血去蛋白眼用凝胶次之。

METHODS: Alkali burn model of cornea was established on the right eyes by putting the filter paper with 1.0mol/L NaOH on the center cornea for 1min in 30 white rabbits. The model rabbits were divided randomly into 3 groups after scoring based on Hughes criteria. Normal saline, calf blood deproteinized eye gel and autologous serum eye drops 4 times/day, atropine eye gel 1 times/night, ofloxacin eye gel 1 times/night for 2wk respectively. The morphology of corneal neovascularization was observed on the 7 and 14d, and the area was calculated. On the 14d, the corneas of each group were removed and routine histopathological examinations were performed according to the groups. The concentration of CD45, IL-10, IFN-γ and VEGF in corneal homogenate were determined.

RESULTS:Area of corneal neovascularization: on the 7 and 14d, the area of corneal neovascularization of Group DCS(29.48±2.27, 34.19±2.67mm²), AS(34.19±2.67, 33.89±2.74mm²)(P>0.05). Concentration of CD45, IL-10, IFN-γ, VEGF in cornea homogenate(pg/mL): on the 14th day, the concentration of CD45 Group DCS(0.56±0.04ng/mL), AS(0.54±0.05ng/mL)P<0.05). The concentration of IL-10 Group AS(452.49±11.40pg/mL)>Group DCS>(332.49±13.67pg/mL)>Group Ctrl(111.05±6.95pg/mL)(P<0.05). The Concentration of IFN-γ Group DCS(23.20±2.89pg/mL), AS(22.61±2.72pg/mL)P<0.05). The concentration of VEGF Group DCS(151.14±18.21pg/mL), AS(149.11±14.75pg/mL)P<0.05).

CONCLUSION:AS has the same effect as DCS in inhibiting the release of inflammatory factors(CD45, IFN-gamma and VEGF)and the formation of corneal neovascularization after alkali burn in rabbits, and AS has the strongest effect in promoting the release of anti-inflammatory factors(IL-10)and inhibiting the infiltration of inflammatory cells, followed by DCS.