[关键词]
[摘要]
自然光照由连续光谱、不同能量的光组成，光的波长越短能量越大，故其中紫外线和蓝光具有更高能量。暴露在高强度光照下可能导致眼部组织细胞损伤，进而引起各种眼部结构的病理变化。我们回顾了近年来有关光照在角结膜、晶状体、前房结构、视网膜、视神经相关疾病中的作用的研究，综述了光照在眼部可能触发的信号通路和作用机制。眼组织过度暴露在光照下会导致DNA损伤增加、蛋白质的异常修饰和聚集，以及过度的氧化应激，从而导致眼部疾病的发生发展。因此，可根据所接触的光照特性与强度，以及需要保护的眼组织类型，针对性地单独或联合使用物理保护、局部和/或口服抗氧化剂和光照活化信号通路的小分子抑制剂，以防止和减少光照引起的眼部损害。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Sunlight consists of lights of continuous spectra. Ultraviolet light and blue light in the sunlight have higher energy. High dose exposure to sunlight can cause direct cellular damage. In the eye, sunlight is known to cause pathological changes in various eye structures. We reviewed the studies on the role of sunlight in corneal diseases, cataracts, glaucoma, and age-related macular degeneration in recent years. Possible sunlight-triggered signaling pathways and mechanisms in the eye are summarized. Excessive exposure to sunlight may lead to increased DNA damage, aberrant protein modification and aggregation, and oxidative stress of ocular tissues, and thus results in the development of ocular diseases. Accordingly, physical protection, topical and/or oral antioxidants and small molecules blocking sunlight-activated signal pathways could be used independently or combinedly to prevent and reduce sunlight-induced ocular damages.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
国家自然科学基金(No.81873675); 国家重点研发计划(No.2018YFC0116500); 中山市科技计划项目—重大专项(No.2016A1003)
