角膜缘干细胞体外培养的研究进展

Advances on the study of limbal stem cells culture in vitro

摘要:

角膜缘干细胞是位于角膜缘Vogt栅栏区的一种成体单能干细胞，其可通过自我更新以补充角膜上皮的损伤修复，在维持正常角膜上皮完整性、角膜透明度以及维持正常视力中发挥着重要作用。各种原因造成的角膜缘干细胞缺失将导致患者角膜混浊、眼表血管化，最终失明，目前治疗相关疾病的主要方法为体外培养角膜缘干细胞后再行移植治疗，其中如何高效地体外扩增角膜缘干细胞成为治疗成功与否的关键，本文就角膜缘干细胞定位、获取方法以及体外扩增方式等进行综述。

Abstract:

LSCs(limbal stem cells)are one of the adult unipotent stem cells located in the Vogt palisade area of the limbal cornea. It can supplement the repair of corneal epithelium by self renewal and play an important role in maintaining normal corneal epithelial integrity, corneal transparency and maintaining normal vision. The lack of corneal limbus stem cells caused by various reasons will lead to corneal turbid, ocular surface vascularization, and final blindness. The main methord to treat related diseases is to cultivate corneal limbal stem cells in vitro and retransplantation. How to effectively expand the limbal stem cells in vitro is the key to the success of the treatment. The location, acquisition methods and expansion methods of limbal stem cells were reviewed.