目的：利用频域光学相干断层扫描仪(SD-OCT)对屈光不正儿童后极部视网膜厚度及视网膜神经纤维层(retinal nerve fiber layer，RNFL)厚度进行测量，探讨年龄、屈光度与视网膜厚度之间的相关性。

方法：收集2016-02/2017-02在复旦大学附属华山北院眼科门诊就诊的5～15岁屈光不正儿童96例192眼，应用SD-OCT设备对受检者视盘周围RNFL厚度和后极部视网膜厚度(posterior pole retinal thickness，PPRT)，包括后极部20°范围内以视盘和黄斑连线为界，分为上方、下方、平均PPRT及距黄斑中心凹1mm视网膜厚度进行检测，并分析年龄、屈光度与PPRT及RNFL厚度的相关性。

结果：SD-OCT检查示，本组病例距黄斑中心凹1mm视网膜厚度为252.72±13.87μm，平均PPRT为294.02±8.70μm，上方PPRT为294.53±9.11μm，下方PPRT为293.53±9.50μm，RNFL厚度为105.75±10.60μm。年龄与距黄斑中心凹1mm视网膜厚度呈正相关，屈光度与PPRT及RNFL厚度均呈正相关。

结论：SD-OCT能够准确测量儿童后极部视网膜厚度，年龄、屈光度与视网膜厚度及RNFL厚度具有相关性。

METHODS: A total of 192 eyes of 96 healthy children with the age from 5 to 15 years old were examined by routine ophthalmic examinations. The SD-OCT of Spectralis Heidelberg was used to examine the thickness of the posterior retina and optic nerve fibers of the subjects within 20° and this district was divided to superior and inferior by the line collecting optic disc and macula. The detection was taken within the area of 1mm away the macular fovea. The correlation between age, refraction diopter and change of retinal morphology were analyzed.

RESULTS: The average thickness of the retina around 1mm area from the fovea was 252.72±13.87μm, the mean posterior pole retinal thickness(PPRT)was 294.02±8.70μm, the superior PPRT was 294.53±9.11μm, the inferior PPRT was 293.53±9.50μm, and the average RNFL thickness was 105.75±10.60μm. There were positive correlation between age and PPRT, and positive correlation between diopter, PPRT and RNFL thickness.

CONCLUSION: SD-OCT can accurately measure the thickness of children's retina, and there is a correlation between age, refractive diopter and retinal thickness.