目的：探讨北京市海淀地区小学生近视现况与影响因素。

方法：按照整群分层抽样法选择北京市一至三年级小学生801名，现场问卷调查共计801份，符合年龄7～10周岁的筛查对象757名，有效问卷共757份，患病率为24.4%。通过问卷调查的方式，收集所有对象基线资料，对比引起近视的相关资料，采用Logistic回归方程进行计算，分析产生近视的因素。

结果：看书用眼时间、电子产品使用时间、父母近视情况、户外活动时间、注意读写姿势均是导致小学生近视的相关因素。将上述有差异因素经过Logistic回归方程计算得以证实。

结论：北京市小学生近视率已经达到较高的水平，在家庭、日常生活及学生自身上均存在较多的问题，需针对相关因素进行防控，预防及延缓近视的发生，促进小学生的视力健康。

METHODS: A total of 801 primary school pupils from grade one to grade three of Beijing were selected according to the cluster stratified sampling method, and 801 questionnaires were collected from the scene, which accorded with 757 people aged 7-10 years old, and 757 valid questionnaires, the prevalence rate of this study was 24.4%. The baseline data of all the subjects were collected through questionnaires. The data of myopia were compared. The Logistic regression equation was used to calculate the factors causing myopia.

RESULTS: The main factors leading to myopia in primary school were reading time, electronic product use time, parents' myopia, outdoor activity time, and reading and writing postures. The above difference data was brought into the Logistic regression equation to confirm.

CONCLUSION: The myopia rate of primary school students in Beijing has reached a high level. There are many problems in family, daily life and students themselves. It is necessary to prevent and control the occurrence of myopia and promote the vision health of primary school students.